Chambers was for long in delicate health, and spent most of his time at North Berwick or St. Andrews. He died of an affection of the heart on 23 March 1888 at his house in Claremout Crescent, Edinburgh. He was a member of the St. Giles's Cathedral board, and, like his uncle, took much interest in the church. He was liberal-minded, and, with his genial temperament and fine burly frame, was very popular with his workmen and friends. By his marriage in 1856 with a daughter of Mr. Murray Anderson of London, he had three sons and three daughters, all of whom survived him.
[Athenæum, 31 March 1888; Scotsman, 23 March 1888; Glasgow Herald, 26 March 1888; Memoir of William and Robert Chambers, 13th ed. 1884.]
CHAMBERS, Sir THOMAS (1814–1891), recorder of London, son of Thomas Chambers of Hertford, by Sarah, his wife, was born on 17 Dec. 1814. He was educated at Clare Hall, Cambridge, where he received the degree of LL.B. in 1846. On 28 April 1837 he was admitted student at the Middle Temple, and was there called to the bar on 20 Nov. 1840, and elected bencher on 7 May 1801 and treasurer in 1872. He had for many years a lucrative practice in the common law courts, and on 25 Feb. 1861 took silk. He was elected common serjeant in 1857, and in 1878 recorder of the city of London, having received the honour of knighthood on 15 March 1872. In 1884 he was elected steward of Southwark.
Chambers was returned to parliament in the liberal interest for Hertford on 7 July 1852, but lost his seat at the general election of March 1857. Returned on 12 July 1865 for Marylebone, he continued to represent that constituency until the general election of November 1885. As a reformer he was best known for his persistent advocacy of the inspection of convents and of the legalisation of marriage with a deceased wife's sister. By his death, at his residence in Gloucester Place, Portman Square, on 24 Dec. 1891, London lost an assiduous public functionary. His remains were interred (30 Dec.) in the family vault in All Saints' Church, Hertford.
Chambers married on 7 May 1851 Diana (d. 1877), daughter of Peter White of Brighton, by whom he had issue.
An 'Address on Punishment and Reformation,' delivered by Chambers at the London meeting of the National Association for the Promotion of Social Science in 1862, is printed in the 'Transactions' of the association. He was joint author with George Tattersall of ' The Laws relating to Buildings; comprising the Metropolitan Buildings Act, Fixtures, Insurance,' &c., London, 1845, 12mo; also, with A. T. T. Peterson, of 'A Treatise on the Law of Railway Companies in their Formation, Incorporation, and Government, with an abstract of the statutes and a table of forms,' London, 1848, 8vo.
[Foster's Men at the Bar and Baronetage; Grad. Cant.; Gent. Mag. 1861, ii. 79; Cussans's Hertfordshire ('Hertford'), ii. 84; Members of Parliament (official lists); Hansard's Parl. Deb. 3rd ser. cxxiv–cxliii., clxxxi–ccxcv.; Vanity Fair, 22 Nov. 1884; Times, 25 Dec. 1891; Ann. Reg. 1872 ii. 268, 1891 ii. 211; Law Times, 2 Jan. 1892; Law Journ. 2 Jan. 1892; London's Roll of Fame, pp. 345, 391.]
CHAMPAIN, Sir JOHN U. B. (1835–1887), general. [See Bateman-Champain.]
CHANDLER, HENRY WILLIAM (1828–1889), scholar, only son of Robert Chandler, of London, was born in London on 31 Jan. 1828. His early education was neglected, but by diligent study in the Guildhall Library he acquired enough Greek and Latin to enable him to matriculate at Oxford on 22 June 1848. On 8 Dec. 1851 he took a scholarship at Pembroke College, of which on 4 Nov. 1853 he was elected fellow, having graduated B.A. (first class in literæ humaniores) in the preceding year. He proceeded M.A. in 1855, was for some years lecturer and tutor at his college, and held the Waynflete chair of moral and metaphysical philosophy from 1867 until his death. After the publication of an inaugural lecture, 'The Philosophy of Mind : a Corrective for some Errors of the Day,' London, 1867, 8vo, he confined himself to oral teaching. His favourite topic was the Nicomachean Ethics, of which his exposition was acute and stimulating. He lived the life of a scholarly recluse, devoted to the study of Aristotle and his commentators, and is understood to have amassed copious materials for an edition of the master's 'Fragments,' in which he was unhappily forestalled by the German scholar, Valentin Rose. In 1884 he was appointed curator of the Bodleian Library. An enthusiastic bibliophile, he signalised his accession to office by a strong protest against the practice of lending the rare printed books and manuscripts preserved in that venerable repository (see infra). By way of alternative he proposed the reproduction of texts by photography, and is said to have had an Arabic manuscript thus copied for Sir Richard Burton at his own expense. As a scholar he was distinguished by vast, minute, and recondite learning and immense labo-
