king's escape from the restraint which followed the raid of Ruthven, the power of the assembly was abated, and the king protected the bishops. Bothwell was one of the lords of the articles at the parliament in May 1584, the reactionary parliament which re-established episcopal rights ‘flatt contrare the determinatioun of the kirk.’ His later years seem to have been spent in quiet and comfort. By royal charter he received the baronies of Whitekirk (11 March 1587) and Brighouse (3 Aug. 1592). He died 23 Aug. 1593, and was buried near the high altar of the Chapel Royal at Holyrood House. Appended to his epitaph, on a tablet fixed to the third south pillar from the east end, are some fulsome elegiacs, subscribed M. H. R. (Master Hercules Rollock). He married Margaret, daughter of John Murray of Touchadam, by whom he had (1) John, lord of session, commendator of Holyrood, advanced to the peerage of Scotland, 20 Dec. 1607, as Baron Holyroodhouse, the district belonging to the abbey being erected into a temporal lordship in his favour; (2) Francis, of Stewarton, Peeblesshire; (3) William; (4) Jean, married Sir William Sandilands, of St. Monans.
[Keith's Cat. of Scottish Bishops, 1824; Hew Scott's Fasti Eccl. Scot.; Lord Hailes's Cat. of Lords of Session, 1798 (embodied in Tracts relative to Hist. and Antiq. of Scot., 1800); Calderwood's Hist. of the Kirk of Scot., ed. Thompson, 1843, vols. ii., iii., iv.; Laing's Hist. of Scot., 1804, i. 90; Grub's Eccl. Hist. of Scot., 1861, vol. ii.; Burton's Hist. of Scot., 1867, iv. 391; Mackie's Hist. of Holyrood House, new ed. 1829.]
BOTHWELL, Earls of. [See Hepburn.]
BOTLEY, SAMUEL (1642–1696?), stenographer, published ‘Maximum in Minimo, or Mr. Jeremiah Richs Pens Dexterity compleated, with the whole terms of the Laws,’ London [1674?], 8vo [1695?], [1697?], 12mo. These books are printed throughout from beautifully engraved copper-plates. There are two portraits prefixed, one of Rich, the other of Botley.
[Granger's Biog. Hist. of England (1824), v. 345. 346; Lewis's Hist. Account of Stenography, 96; Rockwell's Teaching, Practice, and Literature of Shorthand, 70; Cat. of Printed Books in British Museum.]
BOTOLPH or BOTULF (d. 680), saint, according to a life found by Mabillon, and attributed by him to Folcard, abbot of Thorney soon after the Conquest, was born of noble parents early in the seventh century, and brought up as a christian. He was sent with his brother Adulf to Germany to be more fully instructed in religion, where they became monks of the order of St. Benedict. Adulf or St. Adolph is said to have become bishop of Utrecht, although no such name occurs in the succession of the diocese. Botulf returned to England, and having been recommended to the favour of Æthelmund, an unknown king of the Smith Angles, by the two sisters of that prince, who were receiving instruction in religious discipline in the monastery of which Botulf was an inmate, he obtained from Æthelmund a site on which to erect a monastery. This he began to build in 654 (Anglo-Saxon Chronicle) at Ikanho. The situation of this monastery is now uncertain. It is generally supposed to have been on the river Witham, on which stands the town of Boston, the church of which is dedicated to St. Botolph, and whose name is an abbreviated form of Botolph’s town. He is said to have died in 680, and was commemorated on 17 June. His relics were distributed by Æthelwold, bishop of Winchester, 963–84, amongst the monasteries of Ely, Westminster, and Thorney. Ten churches in Norfolk, and more than fifty in England, are dedicated to him.
[Anglo-Saxon Chronicle; Folcard's Vita Sancti Botulti; Mabillon's Acta Sanctorum Ordinis S. Benedicti, 1734 (iii, i. 1-7); Leland's Itinerary, and De Rebus Britannicis Collectanea; Willis's History of the Mitred Parliamentary Abbeys, &c., London, 1718; Sir T. D. Hardy's Descriptive Catalogue of Materials relating to the History of Great Britain and Ireland, i. 373–5.]
BOTONER, WILLIAM (1415?–1490?). [See Worcester
BOTT, THOMAS (1688–1754), divine, was born at Derby in 1688. His father was a mercer; his grandfather had been a parliamentary major. He was brought up for the dissenting ministry, but after some experience of preaching went to London to study medicine, and then took orders, and obtained the rectory of Whinburgh, in Norfolk, through Lord Macclesfield's interest. In 1724 he published a discourse to prove that ‘peace and happiness in this world’ was ‘the immediate design of Christianity.’ A defence of this followed in 1730. In 1725 he attacked Wollaston’s peculiar mode of deducing morality from truth, and in 1730 published a sermon called ‘Morality founded in the Reason of Things.‘ In 1734 Mr. Long gave him the rectory of Spixworth, which he held, with the neighbouring parish of Croftwick, till his death. In 1738 he preached a sermon, on 30 Jan., upon the duty of doing as we
