translated into German, 1818-25. He died at Brighton on 7 Sept. 1857. He founded the Milton Prize at St. Paul’s School in 1851.
[Pettigrew’s Medical Portrait Gallery, 1840, vol. i.; Times, 10 Sept. 1857; Gardiner’s Register of St. Paul's School, 199, 433.]
CLARKE, CUTHBERT (fl. 1777), writer on agriculture and mechanics, published:
- ‘A Philosophical Investigation of the Origin, Vicissitude, and Power of Steam employed in a Fire-engine,’ 1773, 8vo.
- ‘The True Theory and Practice of Husbandry, deduced from Philosophical Researches and Experience’ (in the shape of a dialogue between Agricola and Philosophus), together with a small treatise on ‘Mechanics,' 1777, 4to.
[Donaldson’s Agricultural Biography, p. 63; Brit Mus. Cat.]
CLARKE, EDWARD (d. 1630), diplomatist, the ‘Ned’ Clarke of the state papers, was employed by both Charles and Buckingham, although nominally in the latter's service, on many missions of a questionable nature. In September 1623 he was entrusted by Charles with the secret orders to Lord Bristol, then ambassador at Madrid, for the postponement of the marriage with the infanta. He sat for Hythe in the shortlived parliament of 1625. For an attempted defence of Buckingham he was on 6 Aug. in that year imprisoned by the commons at Oxford. The next year Buckingham endeavoured to persuade the bailiffs and twelve inhabitants who represented the voting power of Bridport to return Clarke; but as they had already returned Sir Richard Strode, one of the duke's nominees, they had promised the second place to Sir Lewis Dyve, although sorry to disoblige the duke (Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1625–6, p. 237). Soon afterwards Clarke was busily engaged in spreading the news, which he well knew to be false, that all difficulties in the way of a French alliance were at an end. In 1627 he was sent on a mission to the king of Denmark, then engaged in his disastrous campaign in northern Germany. Clarke met the usual fate of court dependents. In March 1628 he was acting as the king's ‘agent’ at the town of Rochelle, with a handsome salary and ‘allowances for intelligence, and 600l. in advance’ (ib. 1628–9, p. 16). Two months later he accompanied the fleet to Rochelle, but very unwillingly, as he had previously predicted in a letter to Buckingham the certain failure of the expedition (ib. 1628–9, pp. 68, 120). While there he managed to offend Buckingham. On his return, ‘mightily dejected,’ Clarke was denied audience of the duke, and found himself shunned by every one at court (ib. 1628–9, p. 134). He attempted to conciliate Buckingham by means of a piteous letter to Secretary Conway, but without success (ib. 1628–9, p. 163). He did not long survive his patron, for he was dead before November 1630 (ib. 1629–31, pp. 371, 379; cf. ib. 1628–9, p. 5).
[Gardiner's Hist. of England, 1603–42, v. 118–121, 415, vi. 68, 160, 185–6; Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1623–5, 1625–6, 1628–9, 1629–31; Lists of Members of Parliament (official return), pt. i. p. 467.]
CLARKE, EDWARD (1730–1786), traveller and author, son of William Clarke the antiquary (1696–1771) [q. v.], and Anne, daughter of Dr. William Wotton, was born at Buxted, Sussex, where his father was rector, on 16 March 1730. He was taught by his father’s curate, Mr. Grierson, and afterwards by Jeremiah Markland [q. v.], then living at Uckfield. He entered St. John’s, Cambridge, took his B.A. degree in 1752, was elected as a fellow in 1753, and proceeded M.A. in 1755. In 1758 Viscount Midleton presented him to the rectory of Peperharow, Surrey.
Clarke's first publication was a copy of Greek hexameters, on the death of Frederick, prince of Wales, in the ‘Luctus Academiæ Cantabrigiensis,’ 1751. In 1755 he published ‘A Letter to a Friend in Italy, and Verses on reading Montfaucon,’ and about the same time he rejected, in concert with the learned printer Bowyer, an improvement of Faber’s ‘Latin Dictionary,' only one sheet of which appeared. In 1760 he went with the Earl of Bristol as chaplain to the embassy at Madrid, and during his two years’ residence collected materials for a work, published on his return in February 1762, entitled ‘Letters concerning the State of Spain … written at Madrid during the years 1760 and 1761,’ London, 1763, 4to, pp. 354. It is full of details and statistics.
In 1763 he married Anne, daughter of Thomas Grenfield of Guildford, Surrey, and soon after attended General Johnston to Minorca as chaplain and secretary. He held the same office under succeeding governors, and in 1767 published ‘A Defence of the conduct of the Lieutenant-governor of the Island of Minorca, in Reply to a Printed Libel,’ London, 8vo. In 1768 he returned to England, and was inducted to the vicarage of Willingdon and Arlington, Sussex. He also succeeded to the rectory of Buxted, his father being permitted to resign in his favour. From alleged dislike to pluralism he now gave up the Peperharow living. His
