[Besides Esdaile's own writings and the Government Reports of 1847-8, the chief authorities are the Indian newspapers, 1846-51 (among which cf. Calcutta Englishman and Military Chronicle, 1846, 15 April, 9, 13, 16, 28, 29 May, 3 and 10 June; Bengal Hurkaru, 4 June 1846; Bombay Bi-monthly Times, 15 Oct. and 1 Nov. 1846; Delhi Gazette, 11 Jan. 1848; Eastern Star, 3 June 1848; India Register of Medical Science, 1848, pp. 51, 55, 79, 761-4; Calcutta Star, 10 Jan. and 27 Feb. 1850; Bombay Medical Times, 7 June 1851; Calcutta Morning Chronicle, 12 Dec. 1851); Introductory Lecture at Calcutta Medical College by Dr. Allan Webb, Calcutta, 1850; Tenth Report of London Mesmeric Infirmary, London, 1859; and private information.]
ESDAILE, WILLIAM (1758–1837), banker and print collector, fourth son of Sir James Esdaile, knight, of Great Gains, Essex, and lord mayor of London, by his second wife, Mary Mayor, was born 6 Feb. 1758. He received a commercial education, and was placed as a clerk in the banking-house of Ladbrooke & Co. In or about 1780 Sir James Esdaile was induced by his son-in-law, Sir Benjamin Hammet, to found with him a new banking business, and on its formation William Esdaile transferred his services to the house of Esdaile, Hammet, & Co., 21 Lombard Street. His son thus describes him in a private journal: ‘Last but not least in the welfare of the concern came W. Esdaile, the man of business; perched on a high stool he was to be seen intent on the movements of the machine; hardly regarding those who came into the partners' office he was absorbed in his task. He had neither talent nor inclination for conversation on general subjects, and he knew little or nothing of what was passing out of banking hours.’ The business prospered under his care, and, finding money at his command, Esdaile widened the scope of his tastes, and began to frequent sales of prints. His earlier purchases were sparing and cheap, but, distrusting his own judgment, he engaged a professional assistant, accompanied by whom he attended all the great auctions in London. Though prints formed the bulk of his collection, he also largely purchased, as opportunity offered, coins, china, books, and the general miscellanea of the sale-room. Towards the last few years of his life, when his mind was breaking up, he abandoned his usual caution, and spent on a large and sometimes reckless scale, greatly to the advantage of his collection, which was considered one of the most valuable in England. It was sold after his death, the sale extending over sixteen days. The chief attractions were the very complete set of Rembrandt etchings and Claude drawings, which Esdaile had bought on the dispersal of Sir Thomas Lawrence's collection, and a large selection from the best work of the early Italian engravers. In 1825, being then sixty-eight, Esdaile took his first trip abroad, visiting Italy, and was so pleased with the experiment that he repeated it two years later. In 1832, on returning to his residence at Clapham from Dover, he was seized with a dangerous malarial fever, but, though he recovered his health, he was never again able to attend to business or to manage his property. He neither read nor wrote, and spent the whole day in overlooking his collection of prints. He passed the winter of 1835-6 at Rome and Naples, but after his return his constitution began to gradually break up. He was confined to his bed for nine months, and, dying at Clapham, 2 Oct. 1837, was buried in Bunhill Fields. The banking-house of Esdaile & Hammet had ceased to exist from the beginning of the year. Esdaile's portrait was painted by both Wilkie and Lawrence, and from another picture by Sharples an engraving was made. He married Elizabeth, the only child of Edward Jeffries, treasurer of St. Thomas's Hospital, by whom he had two sons and four daughters. Their grandson, William Jeffries Esdaile, married, 27 Sept. 1837, Ianthe Eliza, the daughter of P. B. Shelley and Harriet Westbrook.
[Private information; Gent. Mag. 1840, new ser. xiv. 180; Evans's Catalogue of Portraits.]
ESKGROVE, Lord (1724–1804). [See Rae, Sir David.]
ESMONDE, Sir LAURENCE, Lord Esmonde (1570?–1646), governor of Duncannon, was the second son of Walter Esmonde of Johnstown, co. Wexford, and his wife Margaret, daughter of Michael Furlong of Horetown. Becoming a convert to protestantism he served with credit against Spain in the Low Countries. In 1599 he was appointed to the command of 150 foot, and was actively engaged during the rebellion of Hugh, earl of Tyrone; and it appears from a letter of his to the Earl of Shrewsbury that he even endeavoured to procure the assassination or banishment of Tyrone, but in this he was unsuccessful. His services were, however, rewarded with the honour of knighthood. During one of his expeditions into Connaught he fell in love with the sister of Morrough O'Flaherty, whom he married; but the lady was as remarkable for her orthodoxy as for her personal charms, and fearing lest her infant son might be brought up a
