Gadbury his testimony, with all his evasions, 1680, p. 27). Gadbury had been taken into custody on suspicion, 2 Nov. 1679. He denied connivance, before the king and council, and obtained release two months later. His enemies pretended that he had attempted ineffectually to bribe Sir Thomas Danby with a present of plate, and, on trebling the value of the present, he induced another person to gain for him a pardon. In compensation for ‘wrongous imprisonment’ he received 200l. in 1681. By this date he was a widower. In 1683 he published the works of his friend George Hawarth, alias Wharton. In 1684 appeared his ‘Cardines Cœli, or An Appeal to the learned and experienced observers of Sublunars and their vicissitudes. In a Reply to the learned author of “Cometomantia.”’ He was falsely reported to have avowed himself a papist in 1685, but in 1686, in his ‘Epistle to the Almanack,’ indicated a prophecy for ‘an eternal settlement in England of the Romanists.’ In 1688–9 appeared ‘Mene Tekel; being an Astrological judgment on the great and wonderful year 1688. London, printed by H. H. for the use of John Gadbury.’ The misemployment of his name was satirical. Gadbury was falsely accused, on the strength of papers intercepted at the post office, of being implicated in a plot (June 1690) against William III. He was detained in custody eight or ten weeks, and had certainly refused as a nonjuror to take the oaths of allegiance. In 1693 he attended St. Margaret's Church, Westminster, as a protestant, and was then living in Brick Court, College Street, Westminster, when Partridge reproached him for ingratitude to Lilly, and accused him of being the author of the vindication, ‘Merlini Liberati Errata.’ He was reputed to have written ‘The Scurrilous Scribbler dissected; a Word in William Lilly's ear concerning his Reputation,’ printed on one side of a broadsheet, undated, of near this time (Athenæ Oxon. i. 36). Wood at first described Gadbury as a ‘monster of ingratitude’ to Lilly (Bliss, iv. 748), but, after a correspondence with Aubrey, accepted rectification of his statements, 20 Aug. and November 1692 (Tanner, Coll. Bodl. No. 451, and MS. Ballard, Bodl. xiv. 99). In 1693 appeared ‘Nebulo Anglicanus; or The First Part of the Black Life of John Gadbury,’ &c., by John Partridge. This contains a portrait of Gadbury as ‘Merlinus Verax,’ showing a round large-featured face, with long curling hair, fair-coloured, in the broad flapping hat of a pilgrim, with rosary and cross, but a label issuing from his mouth ‘a special Protestant.’ Partridge declared that Gadbury wrote ‘Utrum Horum; Rome or Geneva, Never a Barrel better herring,’ and that it was ‘designed against all religions, but most chiefly against the Reformed Protestant religion’ (Nebulo, p. 24); also that Gadbury announced James II would return in 1694. Gadbury died near the end of March 1704, leaving a widow, and was buried in the vault of St. Margaret's Church, Westminster, 28 March 1704 (Bliss, iv. 9). It is extremely probable, judging from the racy vigour of his fourfold ‘Ballad on the Popish Plot,’ 1679, that many others of the fugitive broadsides were of his composition.
[Gadbury's works enumerated above; Wood's Athenæ Oxon. ed. Bliss, i. 36, ii. col. 680, 1051, iv. 9, 381, 748; John Gorton's General Biog. Dict., ed. H. G. Bohn, 1851, ii sign. *B verso; Granger's Biog. Hist. iii. 129, slight and inaccurate; Animadversion upon Mr. John Gadbury's Almanack or Diary for the year of our Lord 1682, by Thomas Dangerfield, printed for the author, &c., 1682; Case of Thomas Dangerfield, 1680; Howell's State Trials; Bagford and Luttrell Coll. Broadsides in British Museum; Loyal Songs, 1685; Ballad Society's Bagford Ballads, wherein are given, on pp. 663–92, Gadbury's Ballad on the Popish Plot, assuming to have been written by a lady of quality, and on p. 1015 the libellous description of him, pseudo-autobiographical, from Partridge's Nebulo Anglicanus.]
GADDERAR, JAMES (1655–1733), bishop of Aberdeen, was a younger son of William Gadderar of Cowford, Elginshire, and Margaret Marshall, the heiress of some lands in the same county. He graduated A.M. at Glasgow in 1675, having probably gone south with his eldest brother, Alexander, who from 1674 to 1688 was minister of Girvan, Ayrshire. Licensed in 1681 by the presbytery of Glasgow, he was presented the next year to the parish of Kilmalcolm, Renfrewshire (not Kilmaurs as often stated). In 1688, prior to the legal overthrow of prelacy, he and his brother were among the ‘curates’ ‘rabbled’ out of their parishes ‘contra jura omnia divina humanaque’ as he says in the epitaph he placed on his brother's tomb ‘tumultuantibus in apostolicum regimen ecclesiæ conjuratis.’ In 1703 he published at London a translation from the Latin of Sir Thomas Craig's (unpublished) work on the ‘Right of Succession to the Kingdom of England,’ prefixing a ‘Dedication’ to the Faculty of Advocates at Edinburgh, and a ‘Preface’ in which, along with an account of Craig's work, he insinuates his own nonjuring politics and dislike of the presbyterians. In 1712 (24 Feb.), ‘at the express desire’ of Rose [q. v.], the deprived bishop of Edinburgh, he was consecrated in London a bishop
