herbarium were liberally thrown open to botanists, and his duplicates and publications distributed to scientific men and institutions all over the world. By his enormous correspondence and prompt acknowledgment of assistance, he maintained friendly relations with the Indian and colonial governments, which in their turn reaped lasting benefits from the distribution of plants from Kew, especially in the case of the cinchona in India, Ceylon, and Jamaica. Hooker died at Kew on 12 Aug. 1865 of a disease of the throat then epidemic there, leaving a widow, two married daughters, and one surviving son, Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker, O.M. (b. 1817). He was elected fellow of the Linnean Society in 1806, and of the Royal Society in 1812; he was one of the founders of the Wernerian Society at Edinburgh; was LL.D. of Glasgow, and from 1845 D.C.L. of Oxford; was corresponding member of the Institute of France, and companion of the Legion of Honour. In person he was tall, erect, good-looking, agile. Darwin, writing to Hooker's son, spoke of Sir W. J. Hooker's ‘remarkably cordial, courteous, and frank bearing.’
An oil portrait of him by T. Phillips, R.A., is in the possession of his son, and another, by Gambardella, is at the Linnean Society. A marble bust by Woolner is in the Kew Museum, and a Wedgwood medallion, also by Woolner, is in a tablet in Kew Church. A copy of this tablet is in the South Kensington Museum. There is also a lithograph by Maguire in the Ipswich Museum series. He is commemorated by Sir James Smith in the name Hookeria, a genus of mosses.
Lady Hooker, who for fifty years had acted as her husband's secretary and amanuensis, died at Torquay on 26 Sept. 1872, in her seventy-fifth year.
Hooker's chief works are: 1. ‘British Jungermanniæ,’ 1816, 4to. 2. ‘Plantæ Cryptogamicæ coll. Humboldt et Bonpland,’ 1816, 8vo. 3. ‘Muscologia Britannica,’ with Dr. Thomas Taylor, 1818–27, 8vo. 4. ‘Musci Exotici,’ 2 vols. 8vo, 1818–20. 5. ‘Flora Scotica,’ 1821, 8vo, arranged both on the Linnæan and on the natural system. 6. The continuation, vols. iv. and v. of Curtis's ‘Flora Londinensis,’ 1821–8, fol. 7. ‘Botanical Illustrations,’ 1822, 4to. 8. ‘Exotic Flora,’ 3 vols., 1823–7. 9. ‘Account of Sabine's Arctic Plants,’ 1824, 4to. 10. ‘Catalogue of Plants in the Glasgow Botanical Garden,’ 1825, 8vo. 11. ‘Botany of Parry's Third Voyage,’ 1826, 8vo. 12. ‘Icones Plantarum,’ 10 vols. 8vo, 1827–54, with about one thousand plates, drawn by Walter Fitch. 13. ‘The Botanical Magazine,’ 38 vols., 1827–65, with 2,700 coloured plates also by Fitch, and descriptions. 14. ‘Icones Filicum,’ with R. K. Greville [q. v.], 2 vols., 1829–31. 15. ‘Characters of Genera from the British Flora,’ 1830, 8vo. 16. ‘British Flora,’ 2 vols., 1830–1, 8vo, with subsequent editions in 1831, 1835, 1838, and 1842, after which date he transferred the editorship to Dr. Arnott, who succeeded him at Glasgow. 17. ‘Botanical Miscellany,’ 3 vols., 1830–3, 8vo. 18. ‘Supplement to English Botany,’ 4 vols., 1831–49, 8vo, with plates by James de Carle Sowerby. 19. ‘British Flora; Cryptogamia’ (exclusive of fungi), 1833, 8vo. 20. ‘Flora Boreali-Americana,’ 2 vols. 4to, 1833–40. 21. ‘The Journal of Botany,’ 4 vols. 1834–42, followed by ‘The London Journal of Botany,’ 7 vols., 1842–8, and ‘The Journal of Botany and Kew Garden Miscellany,’ 9 vols., 1849–57. 22. ‘Companion to the Botanical Magazine,’ 2 vols. 8vo, 1835–6. 23. ‘Letter to Dawson Turner on the Death of the Duke of Bedford,’ 1840, 4to. 24. ‘Botany of Beechey's Voyage,’ with Dr. Arnott, 1841, 4to. 25. ‘Genera Filicum,’ 8vo, 1842, with plates by Francis Bauer. 26. ‘Notes on the Botany of the Voyage of the Erebus and Terror,’ 1843, 8vo. 27. ‘A Century of Orchideæ,’ 1846, 4to. 28. ‘Species Filicum,’ 5 vols., 1846–64, 8vo. 29. ‘Guide to Kew Gardens,’ 1847–65, 16mo. 30. ‘Niger Flora,’ 1849, 8vo. 31. ‘Admiralty Manual of Scientific Inquiry’ (botanical portion), 1849, 8vo. 32. ‘Victoria Regia,’ 1851, fol. 33. ‘A Century of Ferns,’ 1854, 8vo. 34. ‘Guide to the Museums of Economic Botany at Kew,’ 1855, 8vo. 35. ‘Filices Exoticæ,’ 1857–9, 4to. 36. ‘British Ferns,’ 1861–2, 8vo. 37. ‘A second Century of Ferns,’ 1861, 8vo. 38. ‘Garden Ferns,’ 1861–2. 39. ‘Synopsis Filicum,’ with J. G. Baker, 1868, 8vo, of which a second edition appeared in 1874. In the Royal Society's Catalogue (iii. 422) eighty-three papers are enumerated, of which Hooker was author wholly or in part.
Hooker, William Dawson (1816–1840), eldest son of Sir William Jackson Hooker, was born in Glasgow on 4 April 1816, and educated there for the medical profession, graduating M.D. in 1839. After a trip to Scandinavia he printed in 1837 an octavo volume for private circulation, entitled ‘Notes on Norway,’ which was reprinted in 1839. In the same year he also brought out an ‘Inaugural Dissertation on Cinchona’ just before starting for the West Indies. He formed a considerable ornithological collection, but published nothing on the subject. He died at Kingston, Jamaica, on 1 Jan. 1840.
