Sermons bearing chiefly on the Two Comings of our Lord,’ 2 vols., London, 1888, 8vo; revised ed. 1889; 1 vol. ed. 1890. 7. Three series of sermons, in the ‘Contemporary Pulpit Library,’ London, 1888–91. 8. ‘Christmastide in St. Paul's: Sermons bearing chiefly on the Birth of our Lord and the End of the Year,’ London, 1889, 8vo. 9. ‘The Magnificat: Sermons in St. Paul's, August, 1889,’ London, 1889, 8vo, 1890 and 1891. 10. ‘Passiontide Sermons,’ 1891. 11. ‘Sermons on Old Testament Subjects,’ London, 1891, 8vo. 12. ‘Sermons on some Words of Christ,’ London, 1892, 8vo. 13. ‘Essays and Addresses,’ 1892, cr. 8vo. With Dr. William Bright in 1872 he wrote a tract on ‘Protestant Orders,’ and edited the ‘Church Defence Tracts.’ In 1875 he contributed to A. W. N. Pugin's ‘Church and State.’ He compiled in 1881 ‘Midday Prayers for Use in St. Paul's Cathedral.’ Liddon also edited Andrewes's ‘Manual for the Sick’ in 1869, and two works of Dr. Pusey in 1883, namely, ‘Prayers for a Young Schoolboy’ and ‘Private Prayers.’ ‘Selections’ from his writings appeared in 1882, and ‘Maxims and Gleanings’ from them in 1891.
[Private information; Times, 10 Sept. 1890; Guardian, September 1890; Review of Reviews, 1890.]
LIFARD, GILBERT of, St. (d. 1305), bishop of Chichester. [See Gilbert.]
LIFFORD (1709–1789), first Viscount. [See Hewitt, James.]
LIGHT, EDWARD (1747–1832), professor of music and inventor of musical instruments, was in 1794 organist of Trinity Chapel (St. George's, Hanover Square), Conduit Street, London. He endeavoured with ephemeral success to introduce improvements in the harp and guitar. He died in 1832, at the age of eighty-five.
Light invented (1) the harp-guitar about 1798, an instrument resembling the pedal-harp, with neck and head not unlike the Spanish guitar. There are seven strings tuned like those of the English guitar, with the addition of the fiddle G (Busby). (2) The harp-lute, 1798, with twelve catgut strings, a larger instrument than No. 1, its neck resembling that of the pedal-harp. (3) The harp-lyre, 1816, differing from No. 2 in the shape of the body, which is flat at the back. (4) The British lute-harp, for which Light took out a patent 18 June 1816, a chromatic lute-harp, distinguished by certain pieces of mechanism called ditals, or thumb-keys, which when pressed raise the corresponding string one semitone. (5) The dital harp, which was similar to, if not identical with, the last invention. It is tuned like the pedal-harp, but the order of the strings is reversed, the bass being nearer the performer. The instrument is described by Dr. Busby as strong and sweet in tone, and ‘unquestionably, the pedal-harp excepted, the most eligible accompaniment to the human voice.’
Publications by Light include: 1. ‘A First Book on Music,’ London, 1794. 2. ‘The Musette,’ a collection of lessons and songs for the guitar, with instructions for playing, issued monthly about 1795. 3. ‘The Ladies' Amusement,’ a collection of lessons and songs for guitar, in six numbers, 1800 (?). 4. ‘Concise Instructions for Playing on the English Lute,’ 1800 (?). 5. ‘A New and Complete Directory to the Art of Playing on the British Lute-Harp,’ 1817. It contains a full-page engraving showing the attitude of a performer, and a list of suitable compositions.
[Cat. of the South Kensington Museum Collection of Musical Instruments, pp. 250, 327; Busby's Concert-Room Anecdotes, ii. 275; Grove's Dict. of Music, i. 449; Mendel's Musikalisches Conversations-Lexikon, iv. 529; Patent Office Specification, No. 4041.]
LIGHT, WILLIAM (1784–1838), colonel, surveyor-general of South Australia, and founder of the city of Adelaide, was born in 1784. His father (probably the Captain Francis Light whose account of the island of Jung Salang is in Brit. Mus. Add. MS. 29210, ff. 217, 225) was commander of an Indian ‘country-ship’ or free trader, who married the daughter of the Malayan king of Qedah, receiving with her as dowry the island of Penang or Pulo Penang. The island, renamed at Light's suggestion Prince of Wales Island, was made over to the East India Company, who in 1785 bound themselves by a treaty, ‘to last so long as the sun and moon shall give light,’ to pay the king of Qedah an annual sum of six thousand dollars. This payment was increased in 1800 to ten thousand dollars, on the cession of what has since been known as the province of Wellesley, on the mainland opposite. Young Light received a liberal education in England, where he made influential friends, and, it is said, was an occasional guest of the Prince of Wales (George IV). On 5 May 1808, in his twenty-fifth year, he obtained a cornetcy in the 4th dragoons, in which he became lieutenant in 1809. He served with that regiment in the Peninsula, and as he spoke French and Spanish fluently and was a good draughtsman, he was much employed on intelligence duties. He obtained a company in the 3rd buffs in 1814, passed through
