he patented in 1852. These plates form the best flooring ever made, combining the maximum of strength with the minimum of depth and weight; with them Westminster and other bridges were floored. In 1854, in view of the Crimean war, he made two monster mortars for throwing 36-inch shells, but they were not used owing to the arrangement of peace with Russia in 1856. On 1 June 1854 he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society.
With the completion of the trunk railway lines in Ireland foundry-work became scarce, and giving up his establishment in Dublin, Mallet in 1861 removed to London and established himself as a consulting engineer. He edited the ‘Practical Mechanic's Journal,’ 1865–9, 4 vols., contributed largely to the ‘Engineer,’ and gave evidence as a scientific witness in patent cases. In 1863 he reported on the Hibernia and other collieries in Westphalia, in 1864 he was interested in the Dublin trunk connecting railway, an unfortunate scheme, and later on he investigated the use of the Thames Tunnel by the East London railway, and the probability of injury to the Royal Observatory at Greenwich. The ‘Catalogue of Scientific Papers’ contains the titles of seventy-four of his papers. He wrote on the action of water on iron, on alloys of copper with tin and zinc, on atmospheric railways, on the application of water power, on fouling of iron ships, on earthquakes, and volcanoes. The Telford medal and premium of the Institution of Civil Engineers was awarded him in 1859, the Cunningham medal of the Royal Irish Academy in 1862, and the Wollaston gold medal of the Geological Society in 1877. He died at Enmore, The Grove, Clapham Road, Surrey, on 5 Nov. 1881.
Besides contributions to the ‘Philosophical Transactions,’ the ‘Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers,’ and other societies, Mallet printed: 1. ‘On the Physical Conditions involved in the Construction of Artillery, with an Investigation of the Value of the Materials employed, and of some Causes of Destruction of Cannon in Service,’ Dublin, 1856. 2. ‘Great Neapolitan Earthquake of 1857,’ 2 vols. 1862. 3. ‘The Practical Mechanic's Journal, Records of the Great Exhibition,’ 1862, 13 pts. 4. ‘The Safes' Challenge Contest at the International Exhibition of Paris in 1867; Statements (with R. F. Fairlie),’ 1868. He edited or translated: 5. ‘Civil Engineering,’ by H. Law, 1869. 6. ‘The Rudiments of Colours and of Colouring,’ by G. Field, 1870. 7. ‘A Practical Manual of Chemical Analysis and Assaying,’ by L. L. de Koninck, 1872; another edition, 1873. 8. ‘The Eruption of Vesuvius in 1872,’ by L. Palmieri, 1873.
[Minutes of Proceedings of Institution of Civil Engineers, 1882, lxviii. 297–304; Proceedings of Roy. Soc. 1882, xxxiii. pp. xix–xx; Quarterly Journal of Geological Soc. 1882, xxxviii. 54–6; Engineer, 11, 18, and 25 Nov. 1881; information from R. T. Mallet, esq., St. Leonards-on-Sea.]
MALLETT, FRANCIS, D.D. (d. 1570), dean of Lincoln, was educated at the university of Cambridge, where he graduated B.A. 1522, M.A. 1525, B.D. 1534, D.D. 1535. He gained the confidence of Cranmer; became his chaplain, and subsequently, through the influence of Thomas Cromwell, he was appointed to the mastership of Michael House in 1533. In 1536 and again in 1540 he was made vice-chancellor, as one who would offer no effectual opposition to the designs of Cromwell for the pillage of the university and its colleges. He was, however, tardy in delivering up the foundation deeds of his own college in compliance with the royal injunctions. Cranmer wrote to Cromwell, 18 Jan. 1536, to excuse him on the ground of the large amount of preaching in the diocese of Canterbury he had required of him, but promising speedy compliance (Cranmer, Works, Parker Soc., Ep. 166, ii. 318–19). In 1538 he had become chaplain to Cromwell himself, and was employed by him, under Cranmer's directions, at Ford Abbey, Dorset, in the preparation of a service-book, which is thought by Dr. Jenkyns to have been the revised breviary published in 1541 and 1544 (ib. p. 366, Ep. 223; Jenkyns, Remains of Archbishop Cranmer, i. 241; Collier, Eccl. Hist. v. 106 sq.; Strype, Eccl. Mem. i. i. 580). Cranmer earnestly commended him to Cromwell's notice for some church preferment which might help ‘his small and poor living’ (Cranmer, Works, new ser.), and praised ‘his good qualities, right judgment in learning, and discreet wisdom.’ Cranmer's advocacy was not fruitless. On 13 Dec. 1543 he was nominated by patent to a canonry at Windsor, and in 1544 to the prebendal stall of Yatton in Wells Cathedral, resigning the vicarage of Rothwell, Yorkshire, which he had previously held. About this time he was introduced to the Princess Mary, and completed for her the translation of the paraphrase of Erasmus on the Gospel of St. John, which, to please her father, she had undertaken, but which her health did not allow her to complete (Strype, Memorials, ii. i. 46). He became her chaplain, and in that capacity was involved in the miserable squabbles concerning ‘the Lady Mary's Mass’ which disfigured the reign of Edward VI. He was
