traits of the duke and the duchess painted by Richard Cosway were engraved by William Lane [q. v.]
[Letters of Horace Walpole, ed. Peter Cunningham, vols, vi. vii. viii. ix.; Sir Jonah Barrington's Historic Memoirs of Ireland, 1833, ii. 216-226; Hardy's Memoirs of the Earl of Charlemont, 1812, ii. 143-61; Life and Times of Henry Grattan, 1841, iii. 198-312; Earl Stanhope's Life of William Pitt, 1861, i. 46, 165, 183-4, 260-76, 349; Life and Poems of the Rev. George Crabbe, 1834, i. 111-27, 131, 136-7, ii. 14, 67-9, 97; Lecky's History of England in the Eighteenth Century, iv. 269, 296, vi 317, 351-413, 414; Nichols's Hist. and Antiquities of the County of Leicester, 1795, ii. pt. i. pp.66, 68, 100; Nichols's Lit. Anecd. of the Eighteenth Century, 1814-15, viii. 122, 142, ix. 9; Nichols's Illustrations, 1812-15, vii. 702-3, viii. 12; Leslie and Taylor's Life and Times of Sir Joshua Reynolds, 1865; Gent. Mag. 1787, pt.ii. pp. 938, 1016, 1021, 1043, 1123, 1180; Ann. Reg.1787, pp. 226-227, 238, 276-7; Doyle's Official Baronage, 1886, ii. 202; Burke's Peerage, 1891, p. 1197; Return of Members of Parliament, pt. ii. p. 149; Grad. Cantabr. 1823, p. 197, App.p. 16.]
MANNERS, CHARLES CECIL JOHN, sixth Duke of Rutland (1815–1888), born 16 May 1815, was eldest surviving son of John Henry, fifth duke of Rutland, by Lady Elizabeth Howard, daughter of the fifth earl of Carlisle. He was educated at Eton and at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he was created M.A. in 1835. He was elected M.P. for Stamford in 1837, and sat for that borough till 1852, when he was returned for North Leicestershire. From 1843 to 1846 he was lord of the bedchamber to the prince consort. He was a strong conservative and protectionist, opposed Lord John Russell on the sugar duties, and generally supported Lord George Bentinck during his leadership of the protectionist party in the House of Commons (1846-7). He was never a powerful speaker, though he spoke very often. After 1852 he grew out of sympathy with the conservative policy; and the lord-lieutenancy of Lincolnshire was, according to Greville, given to him in that year 'to stop his mouth,' He became lord-lieutenant of Leicestershire, 20 March 1857, and in the same year succeeded his father as Duke of Rutland. He was made K.G. in 1867, and died unmarried at Belvoir, 4 March 1888. He was succeeded by his brother, Lord John James Robert Manners, seventh and present duke of Rutland. Rutland's political views were formed in the days preceding the repeal of the corn laws, and were never afterwards modified. Personally he was popular, and a splendid rider to hounds, though in later years he was disabled by gout.
[Times, 5 March 1888; Illustrated London News, 10 March 1888; Field, 10 March 1888; Greville's Journal of the Reign of Queen Victoria, iii. 123, 471, 472; Hansard's Part Debates, especially 1842-57; Eller's Hist. of Belvoir Castle; Disraeli's Life of Lord George Bentinck.]
MANNERS, EDWARD, third Earl of Rutland (1549–1587), born in 1549, was eldest son of Henry, second earl of Rutland [q. v.], by Margaret, fourth daughter of Ralph Neville, fourth earl of Westmorland. He seems to have been educated at Oxford, though he did not graduate there as a student. He bore the title of Lord Roos or Ros, the old title of his family, until 1563, when by the death of his father he became third Earl of Rutland. He was made one of the queen's wards, and was specially under the charge of Sir William Cecil, who was connected with him by marriage. He accompanied the queen on her visit to Cambridge in 1564, and was lodged in St. John's College, and created M.A. 10 Aug. In October 1566 he was made M.A. of Oxford. In 1569 he joined the Earl of Sussex, taking his tenants with him, and held a command in the army which suppressed the northern insurrection. In 1570 he passed into France, Cecil drawing up a paper of instructions for his guidance. He was in Paris in the February or the next year. At home he received many offices, and displayed enthusiastic devotion to the queen. On 5 Aug. 1570 he became constable of Nottingham Castle, and steward, keeper, warden, and chief justice of Sherwood Forest; in 1571 he was feodary of the duchy of Lancaster for the counties of Nottingham and Derby; in 1574 he was appointed lord-lieutenant of Nottinghamshire.
On 17 June 1577 Rutland was placed on the ecclesiastical commission for the province of York, and in 1579 on the council of the north. In the grand tilting match of 1580 Rutland and twelve others contended with a similar number, headed by Essex, before the queen at Westminster. His public offices probably now absorbed all his time, as in 1581 a relative, John Manners, seems to have been managing his estate. On 23 April 1584 he became K.G., and on 14 June 1585 lord-lieutenant of Lincolnshire. His style of living was very expensive; when he went with his countess to London about 1586 he had with him forty-one servants, including a chaplain, trumpeter, gardener, and apothecary. In June 1586, with Lord Eure and Randolph, he arranged a treaty of peace with the Scots at Berwick, and his brother Roger wrote that his conduct had been approved by the court. On 6 Oct. he was one
