reputation of a sound theologian as well as that of wit and scholar. He wrote occasional verse, some of which appears in the 'Gentleman's Magazine,' 1861 (ii. 245, 542), and in Mrs. Gordon's 'Life of William Buckland,' 1891. His playful 'Specimen of a Geological Lecture' is given in Daubeny's 'Fugitive Poems connected with Natural History and Physical Science,' 1869.
On 19 Nov. 1824 he was presented by Lord Holland to the rectory of Foxley, Wiltshire, and in September 1840 was appointed bishop of Chichester, 'with the general approval of all Oxford men' (Cox, Recollections of Oxford, p. 208). He died at his palace at Chichester on 7 Jan. 1842. Pusey thought he saw in the early removal of his episcopal opponent a 'token of God's presence in the church of England.' A portrait of Shuttleworth by H. Smith is described by Evans (Cat. Engr. Portr. No. 21285); another is given in the 'Church Magazine' for May 1841.
He married at Hambleton, Buckinghamshire, in 1823, Emma Martha, daughter of George Welch of High Leek in Tunstal parish, Lancashire. By her he had (with five daughters) a son, Philip Ughtred, who died a student of Christ Church, Oxford, on 27 Nov. 1848.
Shuttleworth published, besides separate sermons:
- 'Sermons on some of theleading Principles of Christianity,' 2 vols,, 1827-34; 3rd edit. 1840.
- 'A Paraphrastic Translation of the Apostolic Epistles, with Notes,' 1829; 5th edit. 1854.
- 'The Consistency of the Whole Scheme of Revelation with itself, and with Human Reason,' 1832.
- 'Not Tradition but Scripture,' 1838, opposed to the Oxford tracts. Newman thought, it 'very superficial, retailing old objections, but specious, and perhaps mischievous' (J. H. Newman, Letters and Correspondence (ii. 261).
- 'Three Sermons before the University of Oxford,' 1840.
[Gent. Mag. 1842 i. 259, 1861 ii. 245, 342, 542; Shuttleworth Accounts, ii. 280 (Chetham Soc.); Cox's Recollections of Oxford', 1868, p. 298: Le Neve's Fasti ( Hardy), i, 254; Foster's Alumni Oxon.; Allibone's Dict. of Authors; Prothero's Life of A. P. Stanley, 1893, i. 131; Liddon's Life of Pusey, i. 199. ii. 294; Foster's Lancashire Pedigress; Notes and Queries, 6th ser. xii. 302, 338, 373; Kirby's Winchester Scholars. 1888. p, 285; Bodleian Libr. Cat.]
SHUTTLEWORTH, ROBERT JAMES (1810–1874), botanist and conchologist, born at Dawlish, Devonshire, in February 1810, was eldest son of James Shuttleworth (d. 1846) of Barton Lodge, Preston, Lancashire, by his first wife, Anna Maria, daughter of the Hon. and Rev. Richard Henry Roper, dean of Clones. His mother died of consumption a few weeks after his birth. His father married again in 1815, and settled in Switzerland, subsequently (in 1834) selling the Barton property. Shuttleworth, who was chiefly brought up by his mother's relatives, was sent to school at Geneva, first under Herr Töpfer, and afterwards under the botanist Seringe, keeper of the De Candolle Herbarium, from whom he imbibed his love of natural history, especially of botany. He studied plants assiduously on the mountains near Geneva. In his eighteenth year he went to Germany, passing a winter at Saxe-Weimar, where he enjoyed the court life and came to know Goethe. He spent some time at Frankfurt and Heidelberg, whence his father recalled him to Soleure; there the family were then living, fearing he might become too ‘burschikos.’ Shuttleworth maintained his devotion to botany, and made a considerable collection in the Jura during the summer of 1830. From the autumn of that year until the end of 1832 he studied in the medical faculty of the university of Edinburgh, walking the hospital during the first outbreak of cholera, making a vacation tour in the highlands, and helping his elder stepbrother Blake on his estate at Renville in the west of Ireland during the famine of 1831 and 1832. On 11 Jan. 1833 he was appointed to a captaincy in the Duke of Lancaster's own regiment by the lord-lieutenant of the county (Whittle, Preston, 1837, ii. 235), but, returning to Soleure in the following winter, he married and settled at Berne. Here he collected on the Grimsel and the Oberland, and worked particularly at Red Snow and other freshwater algæ, until weakness of the eyes compelled him to abandon the microscope. In 1835 he purchased the extensive herbarium and library of Joseph August Schultes of Zurich, the botanical collaborator of Johan Jacob Roemer. Between 1840 and 1850 he became intimate with Jean de Charpentier of Bex, a zealous botanist who had taken to conchology. Charpentier temporarily inspired Shuttleworth with his own zeal for his new subject. Shuttleworth spent money freely on his researches, sending, at his expense, the collector Blauner of Berne to Corsica, the Canaries, and ultimately to Porto Rico, where he died of consumption. Rugel, a very active collector in North America, and other travellers in Mexico, Peru, Bolivia, and Brazil were also largely supported by Shuttleworth, who bought their collections of shells, plants, seeds, &c. The plants he partly worked out, thus forming a very extensive and valuable annotated her-
