Diseases, more particularly on the Small Pox, Measles, Putrid, Malignant, and Pestilential Fevers,’ York, 1721, 8vo. 4. ‘Observations on Dr. Freind's “History of Physick,”’ London, 1726, 8vo [see Freind, John]. 5. ‘Commentarium Nosologicum, morbos epidemicos et aëris variationes in urbe Eboracensi locisque vicinis per decem annos grassantes complectens,’ London, 1727, 8vo; 2nd edit. by his son, 1733. In 1752 his ‘Works,’ collected from the original manuscripts by his son Clifton, were published in two octavo volumes with large additions and numerous emendations.
[Munk's Coll. of Phys. ii. 34; Gent. Mag. 1748 p. 139, 1749 p. 46.]
WINTRINGHAN, Sir CLIFTON (1710–1794), bart., physician, born at York in 1710, was the son of Clifton Wintringham [q. v.] He was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, graduating M.B. in 1734, and M.D. in 1749. Soon after graduating M.B. he entered the army medical service. In 1749 he was appointed physician to the Duke of Cumberland, whom he attended in his last illness. In 1756 he was nominated jointly with (Sir) John Pringle [q. v.], physician to the hospital for the service of the forces of Great Britain. In 1762 he was gazetted physician in ordinary to George III. He was knighted in the same year on 11 Feb., and on 25 June 1763 was admitted a fellow of the College of Physicians. In 1770 he served the office of censor, and on 7 Nov. 1774 he was created a baronet. On 5 Dec. 1786 he was nominated physician-general to the forces. On 23 Dec. 1792 he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society, and he was also a member of the Société Royale de Medécine de France. Wintringham died at his house in the Upper Mall, Hammersmith, on 10 Jan. 1794. By his wife Anna he left no issue.
Wintringham was the author of:
- ‘An Experimental Enquiry concerning some Parts of the Animal Structure,’ London, 1740, 8vo.
- ‘An Enquiry into the Exility of the Human Body,’ London, 1743, 8vo.
- ‘Notationes et Observationes in Richardi Mead Monita et Præcepta Medica,’ Paris, 1773, 8vo.
- ‘De Morbis quibusdam Commentarii,’ vol. i. 1782, vol. ii. 1791, London, 8vo.
He also edited ‘The Works of the late Clifton Wintringham, physician, at York’ (London, 1752, 2 vols. 8vo). Two autograph letters from Wintringham to the Duke of Newcastle are preserved in the British Museum (Addit. MS. 32965, ff. 375, 378).
[Munk's Royal Coll. of Phys. ii. 250–2; Nichols's Lit. Anecdotes, iii. 144, 503, ix. 75; Gent. Mag. 1794, i. 92; Burke's Extinct Baronetcies; Thomson's Hist. of the Royal Soc. 1812, App. p. xliii; Ann. Reg. 1765 i. 137, 1766 i. 71, 117, 1768 i. 196, 1770 i. 171; Townsend's Calendar of Knights, 1838.]
WINWOOD, Sir RALPH (1563?–1617), diplomatist and secretary of state, born about 1563 at Aynhoe in Northamptonshire, was the son of Richard Winwood. His grandfather, Lewis Winwood, was at one time secretary to Charles Brandon, duke of Suffolk. His father was described in the university registers as ‘plebeius.’ He owned no land, and possibly was a tenant on the Aynhoe estate which belonged to Magdalen College, Oxford. On his death, before 1581, his widow Joan married John Weekes of Buckingham, yeoman of the guard. She died (May 1617) five months before her son, Ralph Winwood, and was buried in the chancel of Aynhoe church in the tomb of her first husband, Richard Winwood.
Ralph matriculated from St. John's College, Oxford, on 20 Dec. 1577, aged fourteen. In 1582 he was elected a probationer-fellow of Magdalen College, and retained that position till 1601. He graduated B.A. 15 Nov. 1582 and M.A. 22 June 1587. A month after the last date he was granted permission to study civil law, and on 2 Feb. 1590–1 he proceeded to the degree of B.C.L. In 1592 he was proctor of the university, and soon afterwards left Oxford for travel on the continent. On his return his accomplishments were recognised by the Earl of Essex, who recommended him for diplomatic employment. In 1599, ‘at Lord Essex's command,’ he was nominated secretary to Sir Henry Neville [q. v.], ambassador to France. Neville was much in England, and as a partisan of Essex was dismissed from his post in 1601. Winwood, who performed most of the duties of the embassy in Neville's absence, was appointed his successor. He was chiefly occupied in reporting the progress of the quarrel between Henry IV and the Duc de Bouillon, but he found time to correspond with Sir Henry Savile respecting his projected edition of Chrysostom's ‘Commentaries.’ In June 1602 he was superseded by Sir Thomas Parry, but at the wish of Sir Robert Cecil, the queen's secretary, who had a ‘good conceit of him and his services,’ he remained till the end of the year in Paris in order to instruct Parry in the business of the embassy. In February 1602–3 he was finally recalled, and soon afterwards was nominated English agent to the States-General of Holland. He arrived at The Hague in July 1603, and, in accordance with old treaty arrange-
