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Cite as: 597 U. S. ____ (2022)
63

Opinion of the Court

in part); Whole Woman’s Health, 579 U. S., at 631–633 (Thomas, J., dissenting); id., at 645–666, 678–684 (Alito, J., dissenting); June Medical, 591 U. S., at ___–___ (Gorsuch, J., dissenting) (slip op., at 1–15).

The Court’s abortion cases have diluted the strict standard for facial constitutional challenges.[1] They have ignored the Court’s third-party standing doctrine.[2] They have disregarded standard res judicata principles.[3] They have flouted the ordinary rules on the severability of unconstitutional provisions,[4] as well as the rule that statutes should be read where possible to avoid unconstitutionality.[5] And they have distorted First Amendment doctrines.[6]

When vindicating a doctrinal innovation requires courts to engineer exceptions to longstanding background rules, the doctrine “has failed to deliver the ‘principled and intelligible’ development of the law that stare decisis purports to secure.” Id., at ___ (Thomas, J., dissenting) (slip op., at 19) (quoting Vasquez v. Hillery, 474 U. S. 254, 265 (1986)).

E

Reliance interests. We last consider whether overruling Roe and Casey will upend substantial reliance interests.

  1. ↑ Compare United States v. Salerno, 481 U. S. 739, 745 (1987), with Casey, 505 U. S., at 895; see also supra, at 56–59.
  2. ↑ Compare Warth v. Seldin, 422 U. S. 490, 499 (1975), and Elk Grove Unified School Dist. v. Newdow, 542 U. S. 1, 15, 17–18 (2004), with June Medical, 591 U. S., at ___ (Alito, J., dissenting) (slip op., at 28), id., at ___–___ (Gorsuch, J., dissenting) (slip op., at 6–7) (collecting cases), and Whole Woman’s Health, 579 U. S., at 632, n. 1 (Thomas, J., dissenting).
  3. ↑ Compare id., at 598–606 (majority opinion), with id., at 645–666 (Alito, J., dissenting).
  4. ↑ Compare id., at 623–626 (majority opinion), with id., at 644–645 (Alito, J., dissenting).
  5. ↑ See Stenberg v. Carhart, 530 U. S. 914, 977–978 (2000) (Kennedy, J., dissenting); id., at 996–997 (Thomas, J., dissenting).
  6. ↑ See Hill v. Colorado, 530 U. S. 703, 741–742 (2000) (Scalia, J., dissenting); id., at 765 (Kennedy, J., dissenting).
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