employ themselves in knitting and weaving, which they have been taught. They raise on their small patches, corn, potatoes, melons, &c., irrigating the land for that purpose. There are many villages of Indians still existing, though greatly reduced in numbers from former estimates.
Population.—It is extremely difficult to ascertain, with accuracy, the amount of population in the Territory. The Indians change to their different abodes as the fishing seasons come round, which circumstance, if not attended to, would produce very erroneous results.
The following is believed to be very nearly the truth; if any thing, it is overrated:
{310} Vancouver or Washington Island 5,000
From the parallel of 50° to 54° north 2,000
Penn's Cove, Whidby's Island, mainland 650
(Shatchet tribe)
Hood's canal, 500
(Suquamish and Toando tribe)
At and about Okanagan 300
About Colville, Spokane, &c. 450
Willamette falls and valley 275
Pillar rock, Oak Point, and Columbia River 300
Port Discovery 150 }
Fort Townsend 70 } Chalams 420
New Dungeness 200 }
Wallawalla, including the Nez-percés, Snakes, &c 1,100
Killamouks, north of Umpqua 400
Cape Flattery and Queen Hythe to Point Granville,
(Classet tribe) 1,250
Blackfeet tribes that make incursions west of the
Rocky Mountains 1,000
Birch Bay 300
Frazer's River (Neamitch tribe) 500
