pointed one of the directors-general of the bureau for expanding the work on music, Lü-lü chêng-i (see under Chang Chao). This enlarged work, entitled Lü-lü chêng-i hou-pien, in 120 chüan, was printed in 1746. Meanwhile Ho served for a time, after 1739, as chief teacher of mathematics in the Imperial Academy. After he thus re-entered official life he held, until 1756, the following posts: vice-president of the Censorate (1745–48), junior vice-president of the Board of Works (1748), senior vice-president of the same Board (1748–55), and president of the Censorate (1755–56).
In 1755 a party of officials was dispatched to survey the newly conquered region of the Eleuths, known as Sungaria (see under Amursana), in order to bring up to date the map of China which had been completed in 1719 (see under Hsüan-yeh). Ho Kuo-tsung and two Manchu officials were sent to supervise the surveying which was done by Catholic missionaries, as in the case of the former map. Two Catholic priests known to have been in Ho's party as surveyors, were Felix da Rocha 傅作霖 (1713–1781) and Joseph d'Espinha 高慎思 (1722–1788). At Barkul the commission divided into two groups; one with da Rocha took a northern route to Ili, the other with Ho and d'Espinha took the western route through Turfan to Karashar, then up the Yurduz River and back to Barkul. Late in 1756 Ho was ordered to return to Peking. By this time the Eleuths had again rebelled (see under Chao-hui), and it was probably considered wise to shift him from the scene of danger. It seems, however, that the Catholic fathers continued to survey in Sungaria and Chinese Turkestan. They went as far as Bukhara, returning to Peking several years later (1759).
Early in 1757 Ho was made president of the Board of Ceremonies, but in a few months was dismissed for recommending his brother to an official post. It was asserted also that he was too old to conduct state affairs. Nevertheless he was recalled in the same year (1757) and, after being reinstated in his former post of Hanlin compiler, was ordered to teach in the Palace School for Princes (see under Yin-chên). Since the emperor specifically referred at this time to Ho's knowledge of mathematics, it seems likely that he lectured on that subject in the Palace School. In 1759 Ho was again made a sub-chancellor of the Grand Secretariat and, two years later, junior vice-president of the Board of Ceremonies. He was ordered to retire in 1762, and died four years later.
[1/289/5a; 3/71/33a; 10/4/14b; 順天府志 Shun-t'ien fu-chih (1886) 101/19b; Yin-chên [q. v.], Chu-p'i yü-chih, case 12; Tung-hua lu, Ch'ien-lung 20:3, 21:11; Pfister, Notices, pp. 384, 647, 653, 776, 866; T'ao Hsiang 陶湘, 故宮殿本書庫現存目 Ku-kung tien-pên shu-k'u hsien-ts'un mu (1933) 儀象 1a.]
HO-lin 和琳 (T. 希齋), d. Sept., 1796, a member of the Niuhuru clan and the Plain Red Banner, was the younger brother of the notorious Ho-shên [q. v.]. In 1777 he was made a clerk in the Board of Civil Office and after various promotions was appointed director of a department. In 1786 he was sent to Hangchow as acting superintendent of the Imperial Manufactories. In the following year he was made a censor and later was sent to inspect grain transport along a section of the Grand Canal in Shantung. After remaining at the latter post for five years, he was appointed a vice-president of the Board of War (1791) and, early in 1792, concurrently deputy lieutenant general of the Chinese Plain Blue Banner. In the same year (1792) he was sent to Tibet to assist in the campaign against the Gurkas (see under Fu-k'ang-an), managing for a time the transportation of supplies from Szechwan to the Tibetan armies. Before long he was ordered to assist in the direction of Tibetan civil affairs, and although toward the end of 1792 he was promoted to a presidency in the Board of Works he remained for some time in Tibet as Imperial Resident (1792–94). From 1794 to 1795 he served as governor-general of Szechwan. In 1795 he joined Fu-k'ang-an in the infamous campaign against the Miao, and reported false victories to the emperor who in consequence bestowed upon him many honors, including an hereditary earldom of the first class with the designation Hsüan-yung (宣勇伯). Ho-lin did not live to see the conclusion of the campaign, since he died in September 1796 while with the army in Hunan. His rank was posthumously raised to a dukedom of the first class and his tablet was placed in the Imperial Ancestral Temple. A special shrine was ordered to be erected at his home.
In 1799, however, when Ho-shên's downfall occurred, all of Ho-lin's honors were posthumously taken from him, for the apparently just reason that he had done nothing to merit them,
286
