following year he was promoted to the post of president of the Board of Revenue, which he held until his death six years later. During his term of office, he managed to have the annual surplus funds in the provincial treasuries transferred to the Board of Revenue, thus not only halting illegal spending in the provinces but also regularizing the national finances.
In 1673 the question arose whether the San-fan 三藩, or Three Feudatories, should be abolished in south China. Misḥan and Mingju [q. v.] led a minority of high officials in advocating the plan of abolition, which the emperor approved. Thus the war with Wu San-kuei [q. v.] was precipitated. Misḥan assured the emperor that the national treasury could be relied on to finance a ten-year conflict. Although the campaign was finally victorious as he had predicted, Misḥan did not live to see it through to the end. He died in 1675, whereas the conflict continued until 1681. He was accorded appropriate posthumous honors, including the name Min-kuo 敏果. Because of his advice to resist Wu San-kuei, Misḥan was held in honor as a loyal official by Emperor Shêng-tsu. His sons, Maska, Maci [qq. v.], Mawu (d. 1727) and Li-jung-pao 李榮保, were all granted high official posts. Li-jung-pao succeeded to the hereditary rank of baron of the first class in 1675. Owing to the fact that his daughter became Empress Hsiao-hsien (孝賢純皇后, 1712–1748), Li-jung-pao was posthumously (1738) honored with the hereditary rank of Duke Ch'êng-ên (承恩公) of the first class. When the empress died in 1748, Hašitun and Misḥan were both posthumously raised to the same rank, and Fu-wên 富文, a son of Li-jung-pao, was raised from a marquis to Duke Ch'êng-ên. Hašitun was also canonized as K'o-hsi 恪僖. In 1749, because of the exploits of Fu-hêng [q. v.], tenth son of Li-jung-pao, in the war against the natives of the Chin-ch'uan 金川 River region (now on the borders of Szechwan and Sikang provinces), an ancestral hall was erected in Peking to the honor of Hašitun, Misḥan, and Li-jung-pao. A number of Misḥan's great-grandsons (grandsons of Li-jung-pao) were very prominent in the Ch'ien-lung period (see under Fu-k'ang-an, Fu-lung-an, Fu-ch'ang-an, Ming-liang and Ming-jui).
[1/274/12; 3/52/25a; 34/139/1a; 1/173/7a; Ch'ing huang-shih ssŭ-p'u (see Fu-lung-an) 2/19a; Haenisch, E., T'oung Pao (1913) p. 92.]
MO Yu-chih 莫友芝 (T. 子偲, H. 郘亭, 眲叟), 1811–1871, Oct. 27, scholar and bibliophile, was a native of Tu-shan, Kweichow. His father, Mo Yü-ch'ou 莫與儔 (T. 猶人, 傑夫, H. 1763–1841), was a chin-shih of 1799 and for many years after 1808 he served as prefectural director of schools in Tsun-i, Kweichow. Mo Yü-ch'ou left several works, among them a collection of his literary works, entitled 貞定先生遺集 Chên-ting hsien-shêng i-chi, in 4 chüan. Mo Yuchih was the fifth of nine sons. While studying under his father at Tsun-i, he began his lifelong friendship with Chêng Chên [q. v.] with whom he later collaborated in compiling the gazetteer of Tsun-i. In 1831 he became a chü-jên, and thereafter made several journeys to Peking to participate in the metropolitan examinations, but failed. In 1858 he had an opportunity to become a magistrate, but in view of the disturbed condition of the country, and the rapid spread of the Taiping Rebellion, he declined. He then joined the secretarial staff of Hu Lin-i [q. v.] whose headquarters were then in Tai-hu, Anhwei. In the following year he joined the secretarial staff of Tsêng Kuo-fan [q. v.] in Anhwei, and five years later (1864) followed Tsêng to Nanking. He was one of the scholars connected with the printing establishment which Tseng Kuo-fan set up at Anking early in 1864. Later in that year, after the recovery of Nanking, the office was moved to that city and named Chin-ling Shu-chü 金陵書局. In 1865 the printing of the Ch'uan-shan i-shu (see under Wang Fu-chih) was completed, and not long after several Classics and official Histories were re-edited and printed with the help of Mo Yu-chih, Chang Wên-hu 張文虎 (T. 孟彪, 1808–1885), and others. Books published by the Chin-ling Shu-chü were very popular and were well edited. Later (1875) the name of this establishment was changed to Kiangnan Shu-chü 江南書局. From 1865 onward Mo Yu-chih made his home in Nanking—at the same time travelling much in southeast China, particularly in Kiangsu and Chekiang, in the hope of rescuing stray volumes of the three sets of the Ssŭ-k'u ch'üan-shu (see under Chi Yün and Ting Ping) which had been deposited in Yangchow, Chinkiang, and Hangchow, but had been dispersed during the Taiping Rebellion. Thus he had an opportunity to examine rare works and good editions and to know some of the owners. It was on such an errand that he went to Yangchow in 1871 and there died in the nearby city of Hsing-hua.
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