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INTRODUCTION TO PYTHAGORAS.

hæc velut genitricem virtutum frugalitatem omnibus ingerebat, consecutusque disputationem assiduitate erat, ut matrons auratas vestes, cæteraque suædignitatis ornamenta deponerent, eaque omnia delata in Junonis ædem ipsi deæ consecrarent, præse ferentes, vera ornamenta matronarum pudicitiam, non vestes esse. In Juventute quoque quantum profligatum sit victi fæminarum contumaces animi manifestant." (Just., Lib. 20, cap. 4.)

Thus do we find him labouring with the utmost zeal in repressing luxury, and the other vices which spring from its indulgence; in pressing home upon his pupils and hearers the charms and advantages of the virtues of frugality, modesty, temperance and chastity; in pointing out the evils and calamities which flow from the fountains of sensual indulgence and debauchery; and in recommending self-denial and the subjugation of the passions as the only road to prosperity, peace, and happiness. We also perceive that his instructions were shaped to meet the distinct duties of husbands, wives, parents, and children, and that he enforced on each class the offices which peculiarly belonged to their respective departments in life. His lectures were of two kinds, public and private; the former were intended for those whom I have just mentioned, and were chiefly adapted to the comprehension of ordinary hearers, and related only to the practical and immediate concerns of everyday life; the latter were only for his private scholars, and embraced a full course of philosophy, and the mathematical sciences. His theological system was such as might naturally be expected from the undefined speculations of his times, in which natural reason appears