ever, is now long past. His learning and his style have been eclipsed by later and greater poets, arid he who was at one time the "allgemeiue Bewunderung von Deutschland
now ranks only among the secondary German classics.
The first collection of Hagedorn s poems was published at Ham burg shortly after his return from Jena in 1729, under the title Versuch einiger Gedichtc, oder erlcsene Proben poctischer Ncbeu- stunden. In 1738 appeared Versueh in poetischen Fabdn und Erzdhlungen ; in 1747 a collection of his lyric poems, under the title Sammlung neuer Oden und Licdcr; and his Moralischc Gedichte in 1750. A collection of his entire works was published at Ham burg after his death in 1756, and a smaller edition in 17C7. The best is Eschenburg s edition, 5 vols., 1800, republished, with Hage dorn s correspondence, in 1825. See C. H. Schmid, Biographie von Hagcdorn.
HAGEN, a town of Prussia, at the head of a circle in the Arnsberg government of Westphalia, is situated at the confluence of the Empe with the Volme, and at the junc tion of several railways, 26 miles W.S.W. from Arnsberg. It is the seat of a provincial office, a circle court, a chamber of commerce, a state railway commission, and an agricul tural union. It has two Evangelical churches, a Catholic church, an Old Catholic church, a synagogue, a real-school of the first order, a royal provincial trade school, a higher female school, and two infirmaries. Hagen is one of the most flourishing commercial towns in Westphalia, and possesses puddling works for iron and steel, iron foundries, cast-steel works, a large cotton print work, woollen and cotton factories, manufactures of leather, paper, tobacco, and iron and steel wares, breweries, and distilleries. There are large limestone quarries in the vicinity, and also an alabaster quarry. The population in 1875 was 24,335, or including Althagen 26,870.
HAGEN, Friedrich Heinrich von der (1780–1856), distinguished for his researches in Old German literature, was born at Scluniedeberg in Brandenburg, 19th February 1780. After studying law at the university of Halle, he obtained a legal appointment in the state service at Berlin, but in 1806 he resigned this office in order to devote him self exclusively to the study of his choice. In 1810 he was appointed professor extraordinarius of German lan guage and literature in the university of Berlin, in the following year was transferred to a similar professorship in Breslau, and in 1821 returned to Berlin as professor ordi- narius. He died at Berlin, llth June 1856. To Hagen belongs the chief merit of awakening an interest in Old German poetry, of which he published several collections.
His principal publications are the Nibdungenlicd, of which he issued four editions, the first in 1810 and the last in 1842 ; the Minnesinger, Leipsic, 1838-52, 5 vols. ; Licdcr dcr dltern Edda, Berlin, 1812 ; Altnordischc Liedcr und Svj/en, Breslau, 1814 ; a col lection of Old German tales under the title Gcsammtabenteuer, Stuttgart, 1850, 3 vols. He also published Ueber die dltcslcn Dar- stellungen dcr Faustsagc, Berlin, 1844 ; and from 1835 he edited the Jahrbuch dcr Berlinischcn Gcsdlschaft fur deutsche Spradie und A Iterthumskunde.
HAGENAU, the chief town of a circle and canton in Alsace-Lorraine, Germany, district of Lower Alsace, is situated in the middle of the Hagenau Forest, on the Moder, and on the railway from Strasburg to Weissenburg, 10 miles N.N.E. of the former town. It has two ancient Catholic churches, one dating from the 12th the other from the 13th century, a gymnasium, a reformatory for boys, a female penitentiary, a public library, a hospital, and a theatre. The principal industries are wool and cotton spinning, and the manufacture of porcelain, earthenware, soap, leather, oil, and beer. There is also considerable trade in hops, vegetables, and wine. Population (1875), 11,786.
Hagenau dates from the beginning of the 12th century, and owes its origin to the erection of a hunting lodge by the dukes of Swabia. Frederick Barbarossa surrounded it with walls and gave it a constitution. On the site of the hunting lodge he founded an imperial palace, in which were preserved the jewelled imperial crown, sceptre, imperial globe, and sword of Charlemagne. Subsequently the town obtained imperial rights, and after the extinction of the Hohenstaufens it remained the capital of the bailiwick of Lower Alsace. In 1648 it came into the possession of France, and in 1673 Louis XIV. caused the fortifications to be razed. In 1675 it was captured by imperial troops, but in 1677 it was retaken by the French and nearly all destroyed by fire. In 1871 it came, along with the rest of Alsace-Lorraine, into the possession of Prussia.
HAGENBACH, Karl Rudolf (1801–1874), distin guished as a church historian and as an expounder of the so-called Vermittelungstheologie," or mediation theology of Germany, was born March 4, 1801, at Basel, where his father, a man of considerable talent and scientific repute, was a practising physician. His preliminary education was received at a Pestalozzian school, and afterwards at the gymnasium, whence in due course he passed to the newly reorganized local university. Carefully brought up within a church in which the strictest orthodoxy still continued to hold undisputed sway, familiar at the same time from boy hood with his father s expressions of approval of the principles of the French Revolution, himself of an ardent, sympathetic, inquiring, and devout temperament, he early devoted himself to theological studies and to the service of the church, while at the same time cherishing and develop ing broad " humanistic " tendencies which found expression in many ways and especially in an enthusiastic admiration for the writings of Herder. The years 1820-23 were spent first at Bonn, where Liicke exerted a powerful influence on the formation of his opinions, and afterwards at Berlin, where Schleiermacher, and still more Neander, became permanently his masters. Returning in 1823 to Basel, where De Wette had recently been appointed to a theological chair, he distinguished himself greatly by his "habilitations- schrift " or trial-dissertation, entitled Observations historico- liermenenticce circa Origenis methodum interpreter dee setcrce Scriptural ; in the following year he became professor ex- traordinarius, and in 1829 professor ordinarius of theology. Apart from his special academic labours during many years in connexion with the history of dogma and of the church (which first owed to him their recognition as distinct branches of study at Basel), he lived a life of great and varied usefulness as a theologian, a preacher, and a citizen ; and at his "jubilee" in 1873, not only the university and town of Basel but also the various churches of Switzerland united to do him honour. He died at Basel, June 7, 1874.
Hagenbach was a vohiminous author in many departments (as will be seen from the list of his works which is given below), but it is as a writer en church history that he is specially distinguished, and is likely to be longest and most widely known. Though neither so learned and condensed as the contributions of Gieseler, nor so original and profound as those of Neander, his lectures are written with remarkable clearness and attractiveness, and are deservedly appreciated at once for their warm glow of sympathy with his sub ject and for their entire freedom from narrow sectarian prejudice. In dogmatics, while avowedly a champion of the "mediation theology" based upon the fundamental conceptions of Herder and Schleiermacher, he was much less revolutionary in his aims and in j his results than were many others of his school. To the last he sought to maintain the old confessional documents, and to make the ! objective and churchly prevail over the purely subjective manner of , viewing theological questions. But he himself was aware that in the endeavour to do so he was not always successful, and that his delineations of Christian dogma often betrayed a vacillating and ! uncertain hand. His works include a remarkably clear Tabdlarische I Uelersicht dcr Dogmcngcschidite (1828) ; Encydopddie u. Mclhod- I ologie dcr thcol. Wissenschaften (1833) ; Vorlcsvngcn uler We sen u. GcscJiidite dcr Reformation u. dcs Protcstantismus (1834-43); Lchrluch dcr Dogmengeschichte (1840-41, 5th ed., 1867; English transl. , 1850); Vorlcsungcn iibcr die Gcschichte dcr alien Kirche I (1853-55); Vorlcsungcn iibcr die Kirchcngcschidite dcs Mittdaltcrs
- (1860-61) ; Grundlinicn dcr Homiletik u. Liturgilc (1863) ; also
biographies of (Ecolampadius and Myconius and a Gcschichte dcr theol. Schule Basels (1860). His Prcdigtcn have been published in nine volumes (1858-75), and he is also author of two volumes of poems entitled Lvthcr u. seine Zcit (1838), and Gedichte (1846). The lectures on church history under the general title Vorle&ungen fiber die Kirchcngcschichte von dcr dltcstcn Zcit bis zum IQtcn Jahr- hundert have been recently reissued in seven volumes (1868-72).
