1876. Mr Matthew Arnold has, in his Essays in Criticism, handled Heine with his accustomed grace and felicity. Mention may also ba made of Wit, Wisdom, and Pathos of Heinrich Heine, by J. Snodgrass, London, 1879, a collection of extracts from Heine’s works in an English dress. A translation, Heine's Poems, Com- plete, by Edgar A. Bowring, C.B., was issued in Bohn’s Standard Library. His prose works have not as yet received adequate renderings, although a version of the Reisebildcr has been put forth in America.
HEINECCIUS, Johann Gottlieb (1681–1741), a celzbrated jurist, was born 11th September 1681 at Eisen- berg. He studied theology at Leipsic and law at Halle ; and at the latter place he was appointed in 1713 professor of philosophy, in 1718 extraordinary, and in 1720 ordinary professor of jurisprudence. He subsequently filled legal chairs at Franeker in Holland and at Frankfort, but finally returned to Halle in 1733 as professor of philosophy and jarisprudence. He died there, 31st August 1741.
Heineccius belonged to the sehool of philosophical jurists. He endeavoured to treat law as a rational science, and not merely as an empirical art whose rules had no deeper source than expediency. Thus he continually refers to first principles, and he develops his legal doctrines as a system of philosophy. His chief works were Antiquitatum Komanarum Jurisprudentiam illustrantium Syn- tagma (1718), Historia Juris Civilis Romani ac Germanici (1738), Elementa Juris Germanici (1735), Elementa Juris Nature et Gen- tium (1737, English trans. by Turnbull, London, 2 vols., 1768). Besides these works he wrote on purely philosophical subjects, and edited the works of several of the classical jurists. His Opera Omnia (9 vols., Geneva, 1771, &c.) were edited by his son Johann Christian Gottlieb Heineecius.
HEINECKEN, Christian Heinrich (1721–1725), a child remarkable for extraordinary precocity of intellect, was bornon February 6, 1721, at Liibeck, where his father was a painter. Able to speak at the age of ten months, by the time he was one year old he knew by heart the principal incidents in the Pentateuch. At two years of age he had mastered all the sacrel history; at three he was intimately acquainted with history and geography, ancient and modern, sacred and profane, besides being able to speak French and Latin; and in his fourth year he devoted him- self to the study of religion and church history. This wonderful precocity was no mere feat of memory, for the youthful savant could reason on and discuss the knowledge he had acquired. Crowds of people flocked to Liibeck to see the wonderful child; and in 1724 he was taken to Copenhagen at the desire of the king of Denmark. On his return to Liibeck he began to learn writing, but his sickly constitution gave way, and he died, June 22, 1725.
The Life, Deeds, Travels, and Death of the Child of Liibeck were published in the following year by his tutor Schéneich. See also Teutsche Bibliothek, vol. xvii., and Mémoires de Trévoux, Jan. 1731.
HEINSE, Johann Jacob Wilhelm (c. 1746–1803), German romance writer, was born at Langenwiesen in the Thuringian Forest, February 16, 1746, or, according to some accounts, February 15, 1749. He was educated at the gymnasium of Schleusingen, and afterwards, through many privations, studied law at Jena and Erfurt. At Erfurt he became known to Wieland, and through Wieland’s recom- mendation to the poet Gleim, who, attracted by some of Heinse’s early literary attempts, offered him assistance and a home; but at this time he made the acquaintance of an adventurer, Captain von der Goltz, and was induced to accompany him on his travels. Von der Goltz easily succeeded in corrupting the taste and misdirecting the talents of the young author, and the baneful influence of this friendship pervades Heinse’s writings. After parting with Von der Goltz Heinse returned for a time to Langen- wiesen, and afterwards obtained, with Gleim’s assistance, under the feigned name of Rost, a tutorship in the family of Von Massow at Quedlinburg, which, however, he did not keep very long. In 1774 he went to Diisseldorf to assist J. G. Jacobi in the production of the Jris journal. In 1780 he obtained from Jacobi leave and the necessary funds to travel in Italy. There he remained three years, living chiefly at Rome, where he was intimate with the painter Miller. In 1789 he obtained the post of reader to the elector of Mainz, who afterwards made him councillor and librarian. He died at Aschaffenburg, June 22, 1803.
Heinse’s works are—Sinngcdichte, Halberstadt, 1771; Legeben- heiten des Enkolp, translated from the Satiricon of Petronius, 2 vols., Schwabach, 1773; Die Kirschen, after Dorat’s Cerises; Laidion, oder die Eleusinischen Gcheimnisse, Lemgo, 1784 ; prose translations of Tasso’s Jerusalem Delivercd, 4 vols., 1781, and Ariosto’s Orlando, 4 vols., 1782; Ardinghello und die gliickscligen Inseln, 2 vols., Lemgo, 1787; Hildegard von Hohenthal, 2 vols., Berlin, 1795 ; Anastasia und das Schachspicl, 2 vols., Frankfort, 1803. A collection of his entire works was published at Leipsie in 1838 in 10 vols., and another edition in 1857 in 5 vols.
HEINSIUS, or Heins, Daniel (1580–1655), one of the most famous scholars of the Dutch Renaissance, was born at Ghent, June 9, 1580. The troubles of the Spanish war drove his parents to settle first at Veere in Zealand, then in England, next at Ryswick, and lastly at Flushing. In 1594, being already remarkable for his attainments, he was sent to the university of Franeker to perfect himself in Greek under Henricus Schotanus. He stayed at Franeker half a year, and then settled at Leyden for the remaining sixty years of his life. There he studied under Joseph Scaliger, and there he found Marnix de St Aldegonde, Janus Douza, Paulus Merula, and others, and was soon taken into the society of these celebrated men as their equal. His proficiency in the classic languages won the praise of all the best scholars of Europe, and offers were made to him, but in vain, to accept honourable positions outside Holland. He soon rose in dignity at the university of Leyden. In 1602 he was made professor of Latin, in 1605 professor of Greek, and at the death of Merula in 1607 he succeeded that illustrious scholar as librarian to the university. The remainder of his life is recorded in a list of his productions. He died at the Hague, February 25, 1655. The Dutch poetry of Heinsius is of the school of Roemer Visscher, but attains no very high excellence. It was, however, greatly admired by Martin Opitz, who was the pupil of Heinsius, and who, in translating the poetry of the latter, introduced the German public to the use of the rhyming alexandrine.
He published his original Latin poems in three volumes—Jambi (1602), Elegice (1603), and Poemata (1605); his Emblemata Ama- toria, poems in Dutch and Latin, were first printed in 1604. In the same year he edited Theocritus, Bion, and Moselus, having edited Hesiod in 1603. In 1609 he printed his Latin Orations. In 1610 he edited Horace, and in 1611 Aristotle and Seneca. In 1613 appeared in Dutch his tragedy of The Massacre of the Inno- cents ; and in 1614 his treatise De politica sapicntia. In 1616 he collected his original Dutch poems into a volume. He edited Terence in 1618, Livy in 1620, published his oration De contemptu mortis in 1621, and brought out the Epistles of Joseph Scaliger in 1627.
