The following is a list of the principal works of Hengstenberg: Christologie dcs Altai Testaments (1829-35; 2d ed., 1854-57; Eng. transl. by R. Keith, 1835-39, also in Clark s "Foreign Theological Library," by Th. Meyer and J. Martin, 1854-58), a work of much ingenuity and considerable learning, but which will be differently va ued according to the hermeneutical principles of the individual critic; Beitrage zur Einlcitung in das Alte Testament (1831-39; Engl. transl., " Dissertations on the Genuineness of Daniel and the Integrity of Zechariah," Edin., 1848, and "Dissertations on the Genuineness of the Pentateuch," Edin., 1847), in which the tradi tional view on each question is strongly upheld, and much capital is made of the absence of harmony among the negative critics ; Die Bilcker Mosis und sEyypten (1841), spoken of by Diestel as "per haps Hengstenberg s most meritorious work;" Die GcschicliteBilcams u. seiner Weissagungen (1842; translated into English along with the Dissertations on Daniel and Zechariah mentioned above); Com- mcntar ilber die Psalmen (1842-45 ; 2d ed. 1849-52; Eng. transl. by Fairbairu and Thomson, Edin., 1844-48), which shares the merits and defects of the Christologie; Die Offcnbarung Johannis erlciutert (1841-51; 2d ed. 1861-62; Eng. transl. by Fairbairn, also in Clark s "Foreign Theological Library," 1851-52); Das Hohe Lied ausgelcgt (1853); Der Prcdigcr Salomo ausgclcgt (1859); Das Evangclium Johannis crlautert (1861-63; 2d ed. 1867-71; Eng. transl. 1865), and Die Weissagungen dcs Proplietcn Ezcchicl crlautert (1867-68). Of minor importance are De rebus Tyriorum com- mcntatio acadcmica (1832); Ueber den Tag dcs Herrn (1852); Das Passa, ein Vortrag (1853) ; and Die Opfer der hciligen Schrift (1859). Several series of papers also, as, for example, on "The Retention of the Apocrypha," "Freemasonry," "Duelling," and " The Relation between the Jews and the Christian church," which originally appeared in the Kirclicnzeitung, were afterwards printed in a separate form. Geschichtc des Eciches Gottes untcr dem Alien Bunde (1869-70), Das Buch Hiob crlautert (1870-75), and Vorle- s-unyen iibcr die Lcidensgeschichtc (1875) were published, from Hengstenberg s papers, posthumously. See Bachmann s Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg (1870-79) ; also his article in Herzog and Plitt s EncyTclopadie (1879).
HENKE, Heinrich Philipp Konrad (1752–1809), a learned German theologian of the broad school, best known as a writer on church history, was born at Hehlen, Bruns wick, on July 3, 1752, was educated at the gymnasium of Brunswick and the university of Helmstadt, and from 1778 until his death, which occurred on May 2, 1809, held a professorship of theology in that university. His principal work (Kirchengeschichte, in 6 vols., 1788-1804 ; 2d ed. 1795-1806) is commeuded by Baur for fulness, accuracy, and artistic composition, as one of the best in that class of literature. His other works are Lineamenta institutiomim fidei Christianas historico-criticarum (1783), Opuscula Academica (1802), and two volumes of Predigten. His son, Ernst Ludwig Theodor (1804-1872), has also left a name in the literature of theology and ecclesiastical history, having been the author of monographs upon Georg Calixt u. seine Ztit (1853-60), Papst Pius VII. (1860), Konrad von Marburg (1861), Kaspar Pexcer u. Nik. Krell (1865), Jak, Friedr. Fries (1867), as well as of other works.
HENLEY, John (1692–1759), an eccentric clergyman of the last century, commonly known as " Orator Henley," was born August 3, 1692, at Melton-Mowbray, where his father was vicar. After attending the grammar schools of Melton and Oakham, he in his seventeenth year entered St John s College, Cambridge, and while still an under graduate he addressed in February 1712, under the pseudonym of Peter de Quir, a letter to the Spectator displaying no small wit and humour. After graduating B. A, he became assistant and then head-master of the grammar school of his native town, uniting to these duties those also of assistant curate. His superabundant energy was not, however, fully consumed by this plurality of offices, for besides publishing in 1714 a poem entitled Esther, Queen of Persia, containing many vigorous and eloquent passages, he also devoted his attention to the compila tion of a grammar of ten languages entitled The Complete Linguist (2 vols., London, 1719-21). In his school he is said to have introduced many new methods of study, but whether it was that his innovations were not sufficiently appreciated, or that he desired a wider sphere for the exercise of his exceptional abilities, he resolved to place his services at the disposal of the metropolis, where he arrived with thirty recommendatory letters from some of the most influential persons of his native county. He succeeded in obtaining the appointment of assistant preacher in the chapels of Ormond Street and Bloomsbury, and in 1723 was presented to the rectory of Chelmondiston in Suffolk ; but residence being insisted on, he resigned both his appointments, and on July 3, 1726, opened what he called an " oratory " in Newport Market, which he licensed under the Toleration Act. Into his services he introduced many peculiar alterations : he drew up a " Primitive Liturgy," in which he substituted for the Nicene and Athanasian creeds two creeds taken from the apostolical constitutions; for his "Primitive Eucharist" he made use of unleavened bread and mixed wine ; he distributed at the price of one shilling medals of admission to his oratory, with the device of a sun rising to the meridian, with the motto Ad summa, and the words Inveniam viam aid faciam below. But the most original element in the services was Henley himself, who is described by Pope in the Dunciad as
" Preacher at once and zany of his age."
He possessed some oratorical ability and adopted a very theatrical style of elocution, " tuning his voice and balancing his hands ;" and his addresses were a strange medley of solemnity and buffoonery, of clever wit and the wildest absurdity, of able and original disquisition and the worst artifices of the oratorical charlatan. His services were much frequented by the "freethinkers," and he himself expressed his determination " to die a rational." Besides his sermons on Sunday he delivered on Wednesday lectures chiefly on social and political subjects ; and he also projected a scheme for connecting with the " oratory " a university on quite a novel plan, and intended to be, in a sense too Utopian to be realized, the foster-mother of the arts and sciences. For some time he edited the Hyp Doctor, a weekly paper estab lished in opposition to the Craftsman, and for this service he enjoyed a pension of 100 a year from Sir Robert Walpole. At first the orations of Henley drew great crowds, but, although he never discontinued his services, his audience latterly dwindled almost entirely away. He died 13th October 1759.
Henley is the subject of several of Hogarth s prints. His life, professedly written by A. "V r elstede, but in all probability by him self, was inserted by him in his Oratorical Transactions. See Nichol s History of Leicestershire, and Disraeli s Calamities of Authors.
