Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 2.djvu/516

458 ARCHITECTURE [ALPHABETICAL Ac-anthus leaves in composite capitals, 417. A del, near Leeds, roof at, 426. Avgina, temple at, 404. Agriculture, temple of, China, 449. Agrigentum, temple of Jupiter Olympius at, 405, 410. Albert Hall compared with Colosseum, 419. Algeria, gigantic tomb of " the Christian Lady" in, 406, note; singular mausoleums in, 419, note. Alhambra, 447. Alinda, remains at, 413. Alyattes, tomb of, 401. American, ancient, architec ture, 450-452. Amphitheatres, Roman, 419. Ancona, St Maria, 435. Angers cathedral, 430. Antiquaries, Society of, benefit nvising from its publications, 445. Antoninus and Faustina, temple of, 416. Apse, the, 430; double, in Ger many, 431. Aquileia basilica, 435. Aqueducts, Roman, 419. Arabian, or Saracenic, archi tecture, 445-448. A reading of church walls, Italy, 435. Arch, early apparent example of, at Mycenae, Greece, 402 ; use of, in Roman architec ture, 414, 415; triumphal, 419; pointed, 422,447; indif ference to true use of pointed, in Italian Gothic architec ture, 435; apparent in an cient American architecture, 450, 451. Architecture, ancient, advan tage of the study of, 444, 445; present position of, 45 - . Asia Minor, architecture of, 401. Assisi, portico at, 417; church of San Francesco, 436 ; its colouring, 455. Assos, temple at, 405. Assyrian architecture, 397-9. Athens, Acropolis,405; remains at, 411 Atreus, treasury of, Mycena 1 , 402. Avobury, stone circles at, 383. Avila, St Vicente, 432. Barcelona churches, 433. Basilicas, 421 ; in Italy, 434. Baugh, cave of, 395. Beehive huts, 384. Bells on Chinese pagodas, 449. Benares, Ghoosla Ghat, 397. Bergamo porch, use of coloured stone in, 456. Bibliography of architecture, 457. Birs Nimroud, near Babylon, Bologna, San Petronlo church, 456. Brick, use of, in Roman archi tecture, 415; extensive use of, by German medieval architects, 432 ; use of, in Spain, 434; ingenious com bination of, with stone, 457. Britford church archway, 425. Buddhist temples, China, 448. Burgos cathedral, 433. Burlington, carl of, his villa at Chiswick, 440, 444. Byzantine architecture, 422. Cairo, mosques at, 446, 447. Cunp miles at Rome and Florence, 436. Campbell s tomb, Egypt, 387. Canida, architecture of, 453. Canterbury cathedral, 426. Capitol at Washington, 454. Carcassonne cathedral, 432. Caria, tombs in, 401, 412. Caryatic order, 407. Catalonian work of 14th and 15th centuries, 433. Cave temples, India, 394, 395. Cecilia Metella, tomb of, 419. Cervetri, tomb at, 414. Chaldea, architecture of, 397. Chambers, Sir Win., 444. Chartres cathedral, 400. Chelsea college, 443. Chevets, 430. Chimsera tomb, 401. Chinese architecture, 448-450; method of construction, 450 Chiusi, tombs at, 414. Choirs, double, of German churches, 431. Choragic monuments, Greece, 411. Churriguerra, architect, 442. Cinquecento architects of Italy, 438; school, 440; in fluence in England, 442. Circles, stone, 383; in 1 eru, 451. Circular edifices, Roman, 419. Civic buildings, modern, 453. Cloaca maxima, 414. Cloisters, arcaded, in Rome, 435, 436. Cnidus, tomb at, 412. Cologne cathedral, 431. Colosseum, the, 419. Colour, 382; in Greek temples, 413 ; application of, to archi tecture, 454. Columbaria, 419. Columns, Egyptian, 391 ; at Susa, 400 ; of wood, early use of, Greece, 402 ; Greek, 4f>3, sqq. ; of Greek temples, 410; Roman, 416, sqq. Commercial buildings, modern, 453. Como, Broletto, use of coloured marbles in, 45G. Composite architecture, Roman, 417. Concord, temple of, Rome, 417. Confucius, temple of, 43<3. Constance cathedral, 432. Cora, temple at, 418. Corinth, temple at, 405. Corinthian order, Greek, 407 ; Roman, 415. Cremation tombs, Rome, 419. Cromlechs, 383 ; in Peru, 451. Crystal and Alexandra palaces, 452, 453. Cupola, use of, in modern Italian architecture, 438. Cuzco, ancient fortress, 452. Cyclopean walling in Greece, 402 ; masonry, Peru, 452. Cyrus, tomb of, 399. Definition of architecture, 382. Diocletian, palace of, 419. Dolmen, 383. Domaine Royale, 430. Domes in French ecclesiastical architecture, 429. Domestic architecture (private houses), Egyptian, 392 ; Grecian, 413; Roman, 419; of Pompeii, 423 ; Chinese, 449; modern European, 453. Doric order, Greek, 402; in temples, 409 ; Roman, 418. Earl s Barton steeple, 425. Ecbatana, remains at, 399. Edfoo, temple of, 389. Egyptian architecture, 384-392 Elizabethan style, 442. Ellora, caves of, 395. English Gothic architecture, 425-9; modern architecture, 4 1-2-5. ALPHABETICAL INDEX. Entablatures, Egyptian, 391. Ephesns, temple of Diana at, 406, 410. Erechtheum at Athens, 412. Escorial, the, Spain, 442. Etruscan architecture, 414. Exeter cathedral, 428. Farnese palace, Rome, 438, 441. Ferrara cathedral, 435. First Pointed style, 427. Flamboyant style, 431. Floors, mosaic and wooden, 421. Florence cathedral, 436; cam panile, finest example of use of coloured materials, 456; St Croce refectory, <tc., 455. Foggia, church at, 435. Fontevrault, church at, 430. Fortifications, Egyptian, 391 ; Greek, 413 ; ancient, at Cuzco, Peru, 452. Fortuna Virilis, temple of, Rome, 417. Forums, Roman, 419. France, Gothic architecture in, 429-31; example of use of coloured materials in build- Ings, 456. Genoa, churches at, 435. Germany, Gothic architecture in, 431; mediaeval brick architecture, 432. Gerona cathedral, 433. Ghizeh, ancient remains at, 385-7. Gibbs, architect, 444. Glass, early use of, by Romans, 421. Gloucester cathedral steeple, 428. Gothic architecture, the desig nation, 423. (See Pointed.) Grecian architecture, 401-413 ; development of study of, in England, 444. Groined roofs, 428. Grotto of Pythagoras at Cor- tona, 414. Hadrian s villa, 419. Halberstadt, 432. Halicarnassus, tomb of Mauso- lus at, 413. Harmony, 3S2. Harpy tomb, 401. Hauran, the, Syria, Roman re mains in, 421. Hawksmoor, architect, 444. Ilerculaneum, remains at, 419, 421. Ilerrera, architect of the Escorial, 442. Iluacas of Peru, 4.~2. Incas, sepulchral work* of the, 451. j Indian architecture, 394-7. | Inlaying, examples of, 456. Ionic architecture, Greek, 405; Roman, 417. Ireland, Gothic architecture in, 429. Italy, Gothic architecture of, 434 ; modem school, 436 ; use of coloured materials, 456. Jains, works of the, 395. Jewish architecture, 392-94. Jones, Inigo, and his works, 442. Jagernath, temple of, 397. Japiter Stator, temple of, 416. Kannaruc pagoda, 397. Karli, cave of, 394. Karnak, temple of, 390. Khoisabad remains, 397, 395. Kouyunjik, remains of, 397,398. Kylas, Ellora, 395. Labyrinth of Egypt, 3S7. Lake dwellings, 384. Lanterns in Spanish churches, 433. Leon, church of San Isidore 432; cathedral, 433. Lerida cathedral, 432, 433. Le Roy and his work on Greek architecture, 444. London St Paul s, Bow church, Chelsea college, Ac., 443; St Martin s church, 444; Somer set house, 444 ; modern architecture, 452; Houses of Parliament, 453. Lorsch convent, 431. Liibeck, Marien-kirche, 431 ; St Katherine, 432. Lucca, use of coloured stone at, 456. Lycia, sepulchres in, 401, 412. Lysicrates, monument of, 407, 411. Madura, palace at, 396. Magdeburg cathedral, 431. Manresa, church at, 433. Marccllus. theatre of, Rome, 418. Mars Ultor, temple of, 417. Martund temple, 396. Materials, building, Greek, 413; Roman, 415; basalt at Hauran, 421; coloured, 455. Mausoleums of Augustus and Hadrian, 419; in Africa, 419, note. Mausolus, tomb of, 413. Mecca, mosque at, 446. Med;icen, the, mausoleum, Algeria, 419, note. Melrose abbey, 429. Memnon, figure of, Egypt, 390. Morton college chapel, 428. Mexico, ancient monuments of, 450. Milan, church of St Ambrogio, 435 ; cathedral, 436, Minden cathedral, 432. Minerva Medica, temple of, 419. Ming dynasty, China, tombs of the, 449. Monoliths, 383. Monumental memorials, China, 4 J9. Mosaic church-decoration, St Apollinare, 431. Mosques, examples of, 445, 45C. Mouldings and ornaments, Greek, 408; Roman, 418; according to the Italo-Vitru- vian school, 439. Munich cathedral, 431. Munster cathedral, 431. Mycenae, treasury of Atreus at, 402. Mylassa, tomb at, 412. Myra, rock-cut tomb at, 412. Nanking, porcelain tower of, 449. Nebuchadnezzar s temple, 398. New Grange, Ireland, 384. Nimroud, palace of, 397, 398. Norman and pre - Norman architecture, 422, 425, 42G. Northamptonshire churches, use of coloured stone in, 458. Mdtre Dame, Paris, 430. Nuremberg, St Laurence, 431, 432. Nurhags of Sardinia, 384. Obelisks, Egyptian, 3SO. Ornament, 382; honeycomb, in Saracenic architecture, 447. Oviedo, Sta Maria de Naranco, 432. Padua, Arena chapel, use of colour in, 455. Passtum, temple at, 405, 410. Pagodas, Hindu, 396, 397; Chinese (taas), 449. Pai Loo or Pai Fang, China, 449. Painted chambers, in Etruscan tombs, 414. Painting, decorative, use of, in Middle Ages, 457. Falenque, ruins of temple at, 450. Palestine exploration, 393. Palladio and his works, 440, 441. Palma, church at, 433. Pandrethan temple, 397. Pantheon, Rome, 416, 418. Paris, the Louvre and Hotel des Invalides, 441; Sainto Chapelle and its colouring, 455. Parthenon, Athens, 405, 410. Pavements, Assyrian, 398. Pavia, St Michele, 435. Peking, temple ofheavenat,449. Perigueux, church of St Front at, 429. Perrault, architect of tb.3 Louvre, 441. Persepolis, remains at, 400 Persian architecture, 399 -401. Peru, ancient structures of, 451, 452. Peterborough cathedral roof, 457. Picts houses, 384. Pilasters, Egyptian, 391. Pisa cathedral, 435; later Pisan buildings and baptistery, 436 ; Campo Santo and its colouring, 455 ; use of col oured, stone in cathedral, 456. Pistoia cathedral, use of col oured stone, 456. Pointed arch, early use of, by Saracens, 447. Pointed architecture rise and development of, 422; in Eu rope, 424; English Gothic. 425; Norman and Transition, 426; First Pointed and later styles, 427 ; Scotch, 428 ; Irish, 429 ; in France, 429 ; in Germany, 431; in Spain, 432; in Italy, 434. Pompeii, remains at, 419, 420 basilica at, 434. Porches and monuments, Ver ona, 436. Porsena s tomb, 414. Prehistoric structures, 333, 384, of Peru, 451. Proportion, 382. Propylsea, Egyptian, 388 , Greek, 411. Pugin and his works, 445. Pyramids of Egypt, 385, 3S6. Railway stations, 453. Ravenna, church of St Vitale, 435. Reguiini Galeassi tomb, 414. Rickman and his works, 445 Rock-cut temples, Indian, 395 , tombs, Greece, 412; caves, Etrurian, 414. Roman architecture, 414-421; its influence on Pointed, 424, 425. Romanesque architecture, 42?. Rome Farnese palace, 438; St Peter s, 438; church of Si Genevieve (Pantheon), 442. Roofs, open timber and groined, 428. Rosslyn chapel, 429. Rouen cathedral, 430. Round towers of Ireland, 429. Ruskin s Stones of Venice, 457. St Alban s abbey roof, 457. St Angelo, castle of, 419. St Apollinare in Classe and Nuovo, Ravenna, 434. St Clemente church, Rome, 434. St Maria in Cosmedin, Rome, 434. St Paul s, London, 443 ; restora tion of, 438; Covent Garden, 443. St Paul s, Rome, 434. St Peter, ancient basilica of, in Rome, 434. St Peter s, Rome, 438. St Petersburg, architecture in,

442.