Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 7.djvu/487

cubic yards, or upwards of 17,000,000 tons. The dredging plant of the Clyde Trust comprises—

6 steam dredges, 14 steam hopper barges, 1 steam-tug, 3 diving-bells, 270 punts, and numerous small boats.

The expenditure for wages of crews, coal, and stores amounted in the year 1871 to fully 14,000, and for repairs 10,775. The value of the dredging plant employed is about 140,000.

Mr Deas has also kindly furnished the following tables, from which the reader will see the gradual increase that has been made on the size of the dredging machines to meet the increased depth of water and growing necessity of increased accommodation for the larger class of vessels which now frequent the river:—

General Dimensions of Dredgers employed on the Clyde in 1872. f | I* |j 3 ,0 .a ll 0} 3 53 Remarks. a "& c: a .g P. . l"a 1^1 Q X

n B 5 " S -3 Ft. In. Ft. in. Ft. in. Ft. 1 1851 99 9 32 4 10 40 22$ Doiible Punt-loading Machine. 5 1841 95 6 22 6 10 4 24 18 Single Do. Do. 6 1855 121 33 6 10 40 25 Double Hopper Barge Do. 7 1860 108 6 23 6 9 25 25 Single Punt Do. 8 1865 161 29 10 75 28 Do. Hopper Barge Do. 9 1871 161 29 10 75 30 Do. Do. Do.

The following are the details as regards the dredgers and barges employed on the Clyde:—

No. 8 Dredger. Length, 161 ft. Breadth moulded, 29 ft. Depth, 10 feet. Engine, 75 horse power. Cylinder, 48 in. diameter. Stroke, 3 ft. One bucket ladder, 90 ft. 9 in. between centres. Size of buckets, 3 ft. 3 in. x 2 ft. 5 in. x 1 ft. 11 in. When working in sand, can lift 190 cubic yards per hour. Greatest depth can dredge in, 28 feet. Working draught, 6 to 7 feet.

Wages per day of 10 hours as under:—

Master ....................................................................... 7 S . Qd. Mate .......................................................................... 3 9 Engineer .................................................................... Q g Fireman ..................................................................... 3 3 Assistant do. and cook ................................................. 3 4 Bow crabman ............................................................. 3 4 Stern crabman ............................................................ 3 4 Deck hands (3), each ................................................... 3 2 one at ......................................................... 3 o Watchman .................................................................. 3 o Coals ........................................................................ 65 cwt. Tallow ....................................................................... 2 It). Oil (Lard) ................................................................ ".16 gills. Waste ........................................................................ urb

Steam Hopper Barge. Length, 145 ft. Breadth moulded, 25 ft. Depth, H ft. 9 in. Engines, 40 horse power. Draught light (average), 5 ft. 6 in. Draught loaded, 11 ft. Speed, 8 to 9 miles per hour. Capacity of hopper, 320 cubic yards, or say 400 tons Average distance run, loaded, 20 miles.

Wages per day as under:—

Mate ... 7s. Od. 4 g Engineer .................................. .......... . . . 5 10 Fireman ..................................... 3 g Deck hands (3), each................ . .... . "" " 3 4 Coals per day of 10 hours .................. . ." 70 cwts iow , ............ .............................. ; 5tt) . ii ............................................ 20 gills. ............................................ 21b. Waste

Quantity and cost of dredging done by No. 8 Dredger during year ending 30th June 1871:—

Wages fi78 Coals 371 18 Stores 182 7 1232 5 4 Repairs 1669 6 11 2901 12 3 Interest and depreciation cost of dredger, 17,653, at 10 per cent 1765 6 4,666 18 3 Time worked during year, 2419f engine hours. Sand, silt, till, and gravel lifted, 430,240 cubic yards. 430,240 24li)a lu , uvs = 177 80 cuuic yards lifted per hour. 4666, 18s. 3d. 430,240 cubic yards= 2 60 P ence cost P er cubic y flrd lifted -

Quantity and cost of conveying and discharging the total dredgings lifted by Nos. 6 and 8 Dredgers during the year ending 30th June 1871:—

Wages, coals, and stores 6,917 Repairs 3,255 7 10,172 8 2 Interest and depreciation cost of 10 hopper barges, J51,510, at 10 per cent 5,151 15,323, Ss. 2d. 15,323 =5 46 pence cost per cubic yard. 673^240 cubic yards, total dredgings conveyed, j" Note. Four hopper barges are required to keep one dredger in constant work. Abstract of the Quantity and Cost per Cubic yard of Dredging and Depositing during the year ending SOth June 1871. _ Bri Pence per cubic yard. 1 Nature of stuff, and where a -4-> ^ iS O "?

• S S

a MM be c " "a I ^ S | | fj to dredged generally. 2 2 !f bi a ag H 1 &s^ bc^ 3 .S S 2 If if J o O S 3 o S3 S | |3 ^ 3 o Q EH P.

o H = 2 No. 1 Sand, silt, and 122,CC4 66-96 5-67 2-S8 10·00^[1] 3-52 22-07 Dredger sewage from Glasgow har bour. No. 5 Hard till, gra 65,160 29-18 5-89 1-76 5·42^[2] 2-65 15-72 Dredger vel, and sand, from Erskine Ferry, <fec. No. 6 Dredger Sand, clay, and mid, from Pt. 243,000 83-19 3-36 5-46 8 82 Glasgow, &c. No. 7 Dredger Hard till and clay from Er 26,720 10-26 20-81 2-34 5·42^[2] 9-70 SS 27 skine Ferry, Elderslie, &c. No. 8 Dredger Sand, silt, till, and gravel, 430,240 177-80 2-60 5-46 ... - 8-06 from Glasgow and Bowling harbours, &c. average 10 Hopper 5-46 barges . .average Tug 2-83 steamer 1

Nos. 1, 5, and 7 are punt-loading machines. Nos. 6 and 8 are hopper barge machines.

Reference is made to the following works : Ency. of Civil Engin- eering, by Edward Cressy, London, 1847 ; "The Dredging Machine," Weale s Quarterly Papers, i., London 1843 ; The Improvement of tha Port of London, by R. Dodd, Engineer, 1798 ; "Account of Blast ing on the Severn," by George Edwards, C.E., Minutes of Proceed ings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, vol. iv. p. 361 ; " tho River Clyde," by James Deas, C.E., Minutes of Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, vol. xxxvi. p. 124 ; Principles and Practice of Canal and River Engineering, by David Stevenson, 2d ed., A. & C. Black, Edinb. 1872, p. 126.

(d. s.)

DRELINCOURT, Charles (1595-1669), an eminent

minister of the French Calvinistic church, was bom at Sedan on the 10th July 1595. He studied first at the university of his native town, and afterwards at Saumur under the celebrated Professor Mark Duncan. In June 1618 he undertook the charge of the French Protestant church at Langres, where his ministrations were highly appreciated. The church, however, failed to receive the

necessary royal sanction, and early in 1620 Drelincourt

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1. Contractor s price for discharging at Blythswood Park, including slip docks, and loaggoning a distance of about f mile.
2. a Discharging by Trustees men on river banks near Erskine, by beaching punts and wheeling.