Page:English Historical Review Volume 35.djvu/313

1920 SHORT NOTICES 305 but popular romance by Map rather than on the collection of tales and trifles which never got into circulation ? - C. L. K. In a slight but spirited paper read before the British Academy on 11 November 1918, Lieutenant-Colonel F. de Filippi narrates The Relations of the House of Savoy with the Court of England (London : Milford, s.a.). He begins with the family ties formed by Henry III, but he might have carried back the story to 1173, when Henry II affianced his infant son John to the daughter of Humbert ' count of Maurienne and marquess of Italy ', the treaty giving the child the right of succession should the count have no son. It has even been suggested that in the tenth century, when one of the many daughters of Edward the Elder married a king iuxta lupitereos montes, the husband held sway over a territory which included Savoy. Naturally the writer dwells chiefly on the more pleasing features of the history, and it is not surprising that he says nothing about the episode of 1655. J. Mr. W. E. D. Allen has given to the general reader a concise ' sketch- study ' of The Turks in Europe down to 1913 (London : Murray, 1919). The author has grasped clearly the main tendencies of Balkan history and the attitude of the powers towards the Balkan peoples. A few slips require correction. Stephen Lazarevich did not ' perish at Angora ' (he died hunting twenty-five years later) ; Venice retained at Passarovitz all the Ionian Islands and their continental dependencies ; Lambros ' Caviziani ' should be Katsones ; Signer Tittoni was neither ' Premier ' in 1908 nor foreign minister in 1911, when San Giuliano held the latter post ; M. Venizelos's Christian name is Eleutherios, and the date of the Turkish capture of Athens was not, as marked on the map, 1496 (pp. 20, 79, 109, 201, 212, 216). Following the eminent Serbian geographer, M. Cvijich, the author on his ethnographical map colours a large part of Macedonia as inhabited by neither Serbs nor Bulgars but ' Macedonian Slavs '. W. M. A great mass of new material for gild history is furnished in the two volumes of Frankfurter Zunfturkunden bis zum Jahre 1612 edited by Dr. Benno Schmidt (Frankfort : Baer, 1914). There is nothing in the collection earlier than 1350, and the documents presented are almost all ordinances either of the city concerning the crafts as a whole, or of the thirty-six crafts and eighteen Gesellenverhande as authorized by the city, or of the federations of master-craftsmen in eleven different crafts repre- senting from three to twenty-one cities of south-western Germany. The starting-point is provided by two distinct codifications in 1355 and 1377. In the former year fourteen Ziinfte presented the rules and customs previously in force amongst them for authorization by the Kath. In 1377 the effects of the Zunftrevolution in the cities of Germany were only half realized, but in Frankfort the Kath had already emerged victorious, and the revision of that year represents the complete subordination of the gilds, symbolized and maintained by the presence of two Rathsfreunde at their quarterly gatherings. The formation of new gilds and the revision of the VOL. XXXV. — NO. CXXXVIII. X