Page:English Historical Review Volume 35.djvu/322

314 SHORT NOTICES April with amplifications and additional chapters. The late war is described with vivid force, and it is interesting to have an American's judgement that in breaking the Hindenburg line in October 1918 ' the British achieved perhaps the greatest victory in their history '. The book is good reading. The description of the Kaiser as emperor of Grermany (pp. 49, 414) is, of course, inexact ; and the statement on p. 201 that ' Egypt and the Soudan were formally declared annexed to the British Empire in 1915 ' is unfounded. A protectorate was proclaimed over Egypt on 18 December 1914, and a new sultan (not a new khedive, as here stated) was appointed. The Sudan remains what it was before— an Anglo-Egyptian dependency. G. B. H. In the preface to The Expansion of Europe (London : Bell, 1919) Mr. W. C. Abbott announces ' what is, in effect, a new synthesis of modern history '. For English readers his two large and admirably illustrated volumes will seem to differ from other general histories of Europe from the Renaissance to the outbreak of the French Revolution mainly in the greater amount of space that is devoted to affairs outside Europe and to the economic and social groundwork of the political development. They do not contain the results of new researches, nor, except for this redistribu- tion of interest, any new interpretations of known facts. They are, how- ever, well planned and so written as to attract and keep the interest of the reader. There is a full list of books at the end, with short comments which should be useful to those who wish for guidance in their reading. M. We have received two volumes of Judicial Settlements of Controversies between States of the American Union, Cases decided in the Supreme Court of the United States, collected and edited by Dr. James Brown Scott (New York : Oxford University Press) ; also an analysis of these cases by the same, in one volume. As one might expect from its learned editor, the Carnegie Endowment has here given us an admirable compilation of law reports in all important American cases in which disputes between state and state, or the state and individuals, are con- cerned. Lawyers will be glad to have gathered together in this convenient fashion cases which, otherwise, they have to dig out from numerous reports. International lawyers will agree with Dr. Scott that we have here analogies worth studying when we turn to think about international arbitration. The historian will find in the two thousand five himdred pages of these works many names that arouse dramatic associations or indicate great issues in the development of the United States ; such names as Marshall, Webster, Taney, Choate, and others. Dr. Scott's analysis says always the right thing and says it succinctly and with lucidity. There is nothing to be desired in the printing or the paper. N. The New Eastern Europe by Mr. Ralph Butler (London : Longmans, 1919) consists of six recent review articles with an introduction and a chapter on the New Balticum. ' Europe ' is used in the Russian sense, so that Finland, Esthonia, Lettland, Lithuania, Poland, and the Ukraine