1920 SIXTEENTH CENTURY 499 had need of all his galleys against the Turk.^ From June to Sep- tember the Galley Subtile was kept afloat in the Thames,^ and it was during this time, or shortly afterwards, that five Venetians were employed ' in and aboutes her redoubbing .taclyng and other apparelling of the same for that they were more perfect in the same then thenglishmen ' : for this they were paid £16 17s.^ In 1544 the galley was commanded by Captain Richard Broke,* but in 1545 he seems to have been replaced by a certain Edward Jones, under whom she formed part of Lisle's fleet in August of that year.^ The station of the galley was on the wing along with the other more rapidly moving ships of the fleet, and she played a creditable part in the skirmish of 15 August, possibly as a result of which Lisle reports that the ' Mystres, the Gallye Subtill and the Foyste ' need to be repaired.® Still, Jones does not appear to have given entire satisfaction, for in December 1545 he was superseded by Oone Madriachaga, Spaniard, reteyned sith Christemas to have been capitayne of the gallee Subtil, oone Sancto, a Venecian, to have been Patron, . . , and likewise an Englesheman appointed to be with them for exposicion of the langage.' Possibly it was thought that southerners would have a better knowledge of the management of galleys, but the arrangement proved a very temporary one, for by 13 April 1546 we find that they were discharged from this service, and, at least as early as May of the same year, Richard Broke resumed the command.* After forming part of the fleet that patrolled the narrow seas during the summer of 1546,^ the Galley Subtile, still under the command of Richard Broke, shared in the invasion of Scotland, the battle of Pinkie, and the operations before Edinburgh in September 1547.i° But before this time she had apparently ceased to occupy her unique position in the English navy ; as the result of a smart little action off Ambleteuse, near Boulogne, on 21 May 1546, a French galley under the command of the baron de Saint- > Ibid. x^. ii. 752, 783.
- Payments to shipkeepers recorded in Benjamin Gonson's Book of Accounts,
20 June to 18 September 1544 {Letters and Papers, xix. ii. 674).
- Pipe Office Declared Accounts 2193 (5 August-29 November 1544). Mr. Oppen-
heim thinks that the presence of these Italians was responsible for the launch of the Galley Subtile in 1544 ; but this supposition is untenable, for, as has been shown above, she was launched at least as early as 1543.
- Letters and Papers, xix. i. 472. * State Papers of Henry VIII, i. 812.
« Letters and Papers, xx. ii. 27, 88, 158, 184. ' Acts of the Privy Council, i. 308, 315, 381.
- Ibid. i. 381 ; ii. 112 ; Letters and Papers, xxi. ii. 319.
- Letters and Papers, xxi. i. 498.
" Patten, Expedition into Scotland, reprinted in Tvdor Tracts (ed. A. F. Pollard), pp. 53-158, especially p. 138, and the plans on pp. 114, 118, 119. Kk2
