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188 THE WAR FINANCES OF HENRY V April first five months (7 May — 30 September 1419) produced 388 livres tournois from the ' quartages ', the following two brought in 363 livres tournois. 1 Later in the year (16 October 1419) orders went out to the ' vicomtes ' at Gisors, Vernon, and elsewhere, to ascertain the customary tariffs on the transport of goods and provisions, and to collect the same, and at the same time the captains at Mantes and Pont-de-1'Arche received orders not to interfere with this collection. 2 Early in 1420 the ordinance concerning the ' gabelle ', the ' quartages ', and the ' impositions foraines ' in Normandy was renewed, 3 and, shortly after, extended to the remaining conquests. 4 The next year the taxes in both regions were con- tinued, 5 becoming then, and in succeeding years, a highly impor- tant item of revenue which continued to bring in increasing returns as time passed. In the fiscal year 1419-20 (1 May — 30 April) the 'gabelle' brought in 26,615 livres tournois or some 16 per cent, of the total Norman revenue, and the ' quartages ' and ' impositions foraines ' gave 37,899 livres tournois or some 23 per cent. In the year 1421-2 receipts from the ' gabelle ' had grown to 61,435 livres tournois, a greater percentage of the whole ; those from the ' quartages ', &c, were 47,566 livres tournois, a less percentage. For the year 1423-4 (Michaelmas to Michaelmas) the 'gabelle' produced 40,607 livres tournois (about 9 per cent.) for the treasury, the ' quartages ', &c, 52,418 livres tournois (about 12 per cent.) 6 During the first year of Alington's administration, however, the chief source of income was still the domain, receipts from which amounted to 72,910 livres tournois or 40 per cent, of the total revenue. 7 In connexion with the ' quartages ' and ' impositions foraines ' should be considered the local tariffs which the chief Norman towns were permitted to levy in place of the royal taxes, out of which the expenses of fortification and often the garrison's wages were paid. They usually took the form of a tax on beverages sold at wholesale and retail, to which levies of a similar kind on other merchandise were occasionally added. 8 These were granted by Henry in recognition of existing customary rights and in imitation of the French kings. The levy was administered by the 1 Bib. Nat., Fonds Francais, 25766, no. 795. 2 Cal. of Norm. Rolls, 42. 328 ; Boles de Brequigny, 679. 3 Roles de Brequigny, 1368. 4 Ibid. 779. For the organization of the extra-Norman conquests see for Mantes, Cal. of Norm. Rolls, 42. 313, 41. 769, 42. 320 ; for Chaumont and Poissy, ibid. 42. 345. 5 Roles de Brequigny, 1027. 6 Exchequer Accts. 187/14, ff. 9 r , IT; 188/7, passim ; Foreign Accts. 61 B T (see above, p. 185, n. 3) ; Bib. Nat., Fonds Francais, 4485, pp. 48, 39. 7 Exchequer Accts. 187/14, fo. 7 V . 8 See below, p. 189, n. 3, for Louviers, Rouen, Carentan, and Montivilliers.