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248 REVIEWS OF BOOKS April provincial deputation of Barcelona by a Catalan specialist, if not a history, is a very valuable collection of thirty-eight historical documents, eleven in Catalan and the rest in Latin, ranging in date from 1083 to 1497, and preceded by an historical introduction in the former language. The name of Andorra first occurs in 839 in the deed of the foundation of the church of Urgel, upon which it then depended. In 843 Charles the Bald ceded it to a certain Sigfred, identified with Count Sunifred I of Urgel, and consequently during the rest of the ninth and the tenth centuries the valley formed part of the county of Urgel, under the sovereignty of the Carolingian kings. At the extinction of that dynasty, the county became independent, but it preserved the custom of dating documents by the regnal years of the French monarchs. In 1007 and 1083 (the date of the first document of this collection) Counts Ermengol I and IV gave certain rights in the valley to the see of Urgel, and two deeds of 1162 and 1176 regulated the long dispute between the bishop and the Andorrans regarding their payment to him of ' four good hams ' and other things, whenever he visited them. In 1258 Louis IX renounced by the treaty of Corbeil all the rights of the French monarchy over the old countries of 1 the Spanish March ', including Urgel, in favour of James I the Conqueror, king of Aragon. Meanwhile, the see of Urgel had given part of the Andorran territory to the family of Caboet, while other parts had become a fief of the family of Castellbo. In 1185 these two families intermarried, and the only daughter of this union, Ermessenda, by her marriage with the heir of the count of Foix, brought to that family the united rights of both Caboet and Castellbo. Differences arose between the counts of Foix and the see of Urgel about their respective rights in Andorra, and in 1278, a very important date in its history, an arrangement or pariatge was made, by which Andorra formed an undivided seigneurie, of which the bishop of Urgel and the count of Foix were joint lords. This charter of Andorra, given here in full (pp. 414-27), confirmed by Pope Martin IV in 1282, and further explained by a deed of 1288 (pp. 427-47), is the foundation of the still existing joint jurisdiction of the see of Urgel and the French Republic. For the counts of Foix became kings of Navarre, and the kings of Navarre, with Henry IV, kings of France, whose rights passed to the French governments which succeeded them. Twice only was this joint control interrupted, once in 1396-8, when Maria de Luna, regent for her husband, King Martin of Aragon, temporarily annexed this with other possessions of the pretender, the then count of Foix, and again in the sixteenth century, when Ferdinand the Catholic conquered Navarre, seized the valley of Andorra and gave the usufruct of it in 1513 to his wife, to whom Charles V confirmed it in perpetuity (pp. xvii-xix). Andorra exchanged the position of a seigneurie for that of a republic after the French Revolution, but the joint control of France and the see of Urgel, each represented by a viguier, still expresses the spirit of the inscription upon the palace : Suspice : sunt vallis neutrius stemmata : suntque Regna, quibus gaudent nobiliora tegi : Singula si populos alios, Andorra, bearunt, Q.uidni iuncta ferent aurea saecla tibi ? William Miller.