particular successive situations, in which it is necessary for us to act, often with a view to a great number of circumstances, and for very complex ends. To suppose that the mechanical tendencies impressed on the muscles by any particular series of past objects can only require to be unfolded to produce regular and consistent action is like supposing that a hand-organ may be set to play a voluntary, or that the same types will serve without any alteration to print a column of a newspaper and a page of Tristram Shandy. A child for instance who has just learned to walk, in going into a strange house would not be able to go from one room to another from the mere force of habit; that is from yielding to, or rather being blindly carried forward by the impulse of his past associations with respect to walking when at home. He would run against the doors, get entangled among the chairs, fall over the staircase: he would commit more blunders with his eyes wide open than he would at home do blindfolded. He would be worse off without his understanding than without his sight. He might feel his way without his eyes, but without his understanding neither his hands nor eyes would be of any use to him. He would be incorrigible to falls and bruises. Whoever has seen a blind horse stagger against a wall and then start back from it awkward and affrighted, may have some idea of the surprise which we should constantly feel at the effects of our own actions, but not of the obstinate stupidity with which we should persist in them.
To this it is replied, that the account here given does not include all the associations which really take place: that the associations are general as well as particular: that there is the association of the general idea of a purpose, of the words to walk, to go forwards, &c.: and that these general associated ideas, and the feelings connected with them, are
