from insects, by tying paper bags over every pear as seen in Figs. 6 and 7. The orchard ground is kept free from weeds and not infrequently is covered with a layer of rice or other straw, extensively used in Japan as a ground cover with various crops and when so used is carefully laid in handfuls from bundles, the straws being kept parallel as when harvested.
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Fig. 7.— Low branching pear orchard with pears protected by paper bags, at Akashi Experiment Station, Japan.
To one from a country of 160-acre farms, with roads
four rods wide; of cities with broad streets and residences
with green lawns and ample back yards; and where the
cemeteries are large and beautiful parks, the first days of
travel in these old countries force the over-crowding upon
the attention as nothing else can. One feels that the cities
are greatly over-crowded with houses and shops, and these
with people and wares; that the country is over-crowded
with fields and the fields with crops; and that in Japan
the over-crowding is greatest of all in the cemeteries,