Page:Federal Reporter, 1st Series, Volume 8.djvu/331

STEAM GATJGE & LANTBRN 00. V. MILLER. 317 �of the plate, I, over the globe, the wind passing into the space between the rim or flange, g, and said plate, I, is deflected upward into the tube, H, where it mingles with the air heated frithin the globe, and so passes doyni the tubes, F F, to supply the flame, while the flauge, t, upon the wick-tube pre- vents the force of the blast from extinguishing it. By making the rim, g, with its upper portion inclined inward, as shown, any current of air entering beteen the plate, I, and the rim, .9, would thereby be deflected upward towarda the raouth of the tube, H, and this deflection of a moving current of air would produce a current through the tubes, P F, in absence of a,py other, cause. Also, when the lantern is swung from side to side, or oscillated, the centrif u- gal tendency of the air in the tubes causes the air to rush into the mouth of the tube, H, from without, thus producing the required current at theburner. "From the above description it appears that there are three separate causes to produce a proper current of air through the tubes, F F, to the base 6f the flame, viz.: the aseensive force of the air heated by the burner flame and the cooling of said heated air within the tubes ; the pressure of a moving current deflected towards the mouth of the tube, H ; and the centrifugal efifect of swinging or oscillating the lantern. And it will be observed that the second or third causes will always be cumulative with the first, to produce ^n in- creased current at exactly the tinie when an inereased supply is demanded in consequence of the atmospheric disturbances in the immediate vicinity of the lantein." �The first claim of the patent was as follows: �" The combination of the plate, I, rim, g, or its equivalent, tubes, F and F F, and the base, A B, of the lantern, substantially in the manner specilied and shown," �The other three claims are in the same general form, all speaking of the combination of the various parts by letters, with the tubes H and F, or the tubes H, F, etc. ' �In re-isBue 8,598, the patentee, for the first time, styled plate I both an injector and ejector of air; but it is plain, from the folio wing quo- tation from Irwin v. Dane, that the court, when considering the orig- inal patent, understood the ejecting feature of the spaee between the glohe and the bell : �" The third device, as shown in patent No. 89,770, ^s for various improve- ments, which more nearly perfected the invention, and adapted it for use as a portable out-of-door lantern. The theory of Mr. Irwin seems to have been and is that the products of combustion, such as carbonic acid gas, steam, and other matters, rise with the current of air to thetop of the protector, and are there thrown ofE from the outside of the rising column, and pass out over the top of the protector, and between it and the bell, while the air which passes into the bell is mostly pure atmospheric air, uncontaminated by and unmixed to any considerable extent with the products of combustion. In order to secure the exit of these products of combustion from the top of the lantern, a ��� �