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Contents.
| Essay. | Page | |
| b. "these powers ought to exist without limitation," | No. XXIII. | 150 |
| a. "because it is impossible to foresee or define the extent and variety of national exigencies," | 150, | 151 |
| b. because it is impossible to foresee "the extent and variety of means which may be necessary to satisfy" those exigencies, | 150, | 151 |
| c. this principle fully recognized in the Articles of Confederation, | 151 | |
| d. no "proper or adequate provision for its exercise" made in those articles, | 151 | |
| e. the expectations concerning it of the framers of those articles, | 152 | |
| f. "this expectation was ill-founded and illusory," | 152 | |
| g. the effect of that failure, | 152 | |
| h. the remedy therefor, the measures proposed in the new Constitution, | 152 | |
| c. objection, the danger of standing armies, considered, | XXIV. | 156 |
| a. the powers referred to are delegated to the legislative department, not to the executive of the Union, | 156 | |
| b. the Congress itself, in the exercise of the powers referred to, is expressly limited by the terms of the proposed Constitution, | 157 | |
| c. the State constitutions, with two exceptions, contain no interdiction of standing armies, in time of peace, | 157 | |
| d. the Articles of Confederation "had not imposed a single restraint on the authority of the United States" on this subject, | 158 | |
| e. the constant danger of the United States from foreign and Indian hostilities renders such authority in the Fœderal government necessary, | 159 | |
| f. the growing commerce of the United States demands a navy for its protection, | 161 | |
| d. objection, "that the objects enumerated above ought to be provided for by the State governments," considered, | XXV. | 162 |
| a. "it would be an inversion of the primary principle of our political association," by transferring the care of the common defence to the individual members of the Union, | 162 | |
| A. the result of which would be "oppressive to some States," | 162 | |
| B. it might become dangerous to all the States, through the inefficiency or inability of some of them, | 163 | |
| C. it would create jealousy by increasing the military power of some of the States, | 163 |
