STRATAGEMS, II. i.x. 1-5
On Measures taken after Battle IX. On Bri.vging the War to a Close
after a SlTCESSFL'L ENGAGEMENT
After Gaius Marius had defeated the Teutons in battle, and niglit had put an end to the conflict, he encamped round about the remnants of his oj)ponents. By causing a small group of his own men to raise loud cries from time to time, he kept the enemy in a state of alarm and prevented them from securing rest. He thus succeeded more easily in crushing them on the following day, since they had had no sleep. ^
Claudius Nero, having met the Carthaginians on their way from Spain to Italy under the command of Hasdrubal, defeated them and threw Hasdrubal's head into Hannibal's camp. As a result, Hannibal was overwhelmed with grief and the army gave up hope of receiving reinforcements. -
When Lucius Sulla Avas besieging Praeneste, he fastened on spears the heads of Praenestine generals who had been slain in battle, and exhibited them to the besieged inhabitants, thus breaking their stubborn resistance.^
Arminius, leader of the Germans, likewise fastened on spears the heads of those he had slain, and ordered them to be brought up to the fortifications of the enemy.'*
When Domitius Corbulo was besieging Tigrano- certa and the Armenians seemed likely to make an obstinate defence, Corbulo executed 'adandus, one of the nobles he had captured, sliot his head out of a ballista, and sent it flying Avithin the fortifica- tions of the enemy. It happened to fall in the
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