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102 JU-E-KAC JÚ-E-SHARQI–Pargana RAE BARELI–Tahsil RAE BARELI--District RAE BARELI.— The village lies nine miles from Bareli and two miles from the river Sai. The population is 3,496. It is surrounded with groves. There is a school at which 37 pupils are taught, KACHHANDAN Pargana*-Tahsil BILGRÁM--District HARDOI.-A lowlying tract of thirty-four villages thrown up by the gradual west- ward recession of the Ganges. It lies at the south-western extremity of the Bilgrám tahsil and of the Hardoi district. The Ganges flows along the whole of its western side, separating it from pargana Kanauj of Farukhabad. On the south it is bounded by pargana Bangarmau of district Unao, and on the north and east by pargana Mallánwán. Its greatest breadth is not quite eight, its greatest length nine and a half miles. Its area is 47 square miles, of which 28 are culti- vated, The whole pargana is tarái, and lies about thirty feet lower than the country to the east of it, beyond the sandy cliff that marks the eastern edge of the ancient bed of the Ganges. It is intersected by numerous small streams, of which the chief are the Kalyani, the Karua, the Bharka, the Gáha, and the Sota. This last, as its name shows, is a backwater of the Ganges. They rarely retain water long enough to be of much use for irrigation. Water is almost everywhere near the surface, in some villages only six and seven feet below it, while on the opposite side of the Ganges, the high bank, the wells are from fifty to sixty feet deep. The assistant settlement officer, Mr. C. W. McMinn, minutely examined this and the Bilgram pargana, and found that each of them divided naturally into three "chaks" or strips : (1) The villages lying along the bank of the Ganges. The common features of these are absence of clayey soil and of irrigation, accounted for by the fact that the soil consists of river washings, and that the water- level is so near the surface that percolation from beneath supplies the place of wells and jhíls. (2) At a distance of from two to five miles from the river bank there runs a sandy elevation, sometimes rising into bills, sometimes mere arenaceous slopes. The villages on this are sometimes all sandy, but more generally will have a corner of very good loam beside some old river channel. The common features of this chak are a large proportion of sandy soil, limited and costly irrigation from deep wells lined with reeds, absence of Káchhis, and valuable crops. (3) Beyond the above elevation the ground again sinks; jhíls make their appearance; there is much clay; rice is largely raised; water is met with at a distance of from ten to twenty feet; much of the land is irrigated, and all can be at a slight expense. By Mr. A. , Harington, C. S., Assistant Commissioner. The name is properly Kachhandau,