Page:General History of Europe 1921.djvu/913

Index XXlll Es thS'ni a, 378, 620 Etruscans, 117, 123, 125 Euripides, 85, 96 Evolution, theory of, 591 Excommunication, 214, 224, 234, 312, 340, 408 Factory reform, 535 Famine, 565, 567 ; potato, 538 Fashoda affair, 604 Ferdinand of Aragon, 300, 303 Ferdinand I, Emperor, 331, 386 Ferdinand VII of Spain, 484 f. Fertile Crescent, 25, 36, 40, 103, 159, 162, 175 Feudal system. See Feudalism Feudalism, 21 iff.; warfare under, 213 ; involving the Church, 217 f., 248; in England, 229, 235, 248, 280; in France, 233, 248, 287 ; in Poland, 382 ff . ; survivals of, in France, 422 ; abolition of, in France, 434 ; aboli- tion of, in Spain, 466 ; abolition of, in Prussia, 470; abolished in Japan 576 Fiefs, medieval, 211, 228 Finland, 636, 646 Fiume affair, 660 Fla min'i us, 132 Flanders, 228 . Florence, 289, 291 ff., 404 Florida, 400 Foch, General, 642, 646 Forum, Roman, 119, i54f., 164 Fourteen Points, the, 641 Fra Angelico, 198 France, in Middle Ages, 283, 287 ; under Louis XIV, 366 ff. ; relations of, with America, 389, 395, 399 ; on eve of French Revolution, 419 ff.; in French Revolution, 430 ff.; un- der Directory, 448 ; in Napoleonic Period, 450 ff. ; restoration of Bour- bons, and charter, 479 ; revolution of 1830 in, 480; intervenes in Spain, 485 f.; revolution of 1848 in, 499 ; under Third Republic, 527 ff., 614; African colonies of, 604 f. See Franks, French Republic (First) Franche-Comte, 369 Francis I of France, 302, 307, 309, 3 l6 ' 334 Francis II, emperor of Austria, 460 f., 5" Francis Ferdinand, Archduke, mur- der of, 612 Francis Joseph I, emperor of Austria, 54, 515 Franciscans, 198, 246 Franco-Prussian War, 51 6 f. Frankfort, 515 Franklin, Benjamin, 398 f. Franks, 186; conquests of, i86f. ; 204, 240; kingdom of, 187 Frederick I (Barbarossa), Emperor, 221 Frederick I of Prussia, 379 Frederick II, Emperor, 221 Frederick II (the Great), 379 ff., 384- 414 Frederick William (the Great Elec- tor), 379 Frederick William III, 462, 477, 481 Frederick William IV, 512 n. Frederick the Wise, 310 Free trade, 535 Freedom, of speech and press, 409 f.. 426, 534 ; of the seas, 464 French Empire, First, 458 ff. See Napoleonic Period French Empire, Second, 501 f., 516 ff. See Napoleon III French and Indian War, 395 French language, 148, 265 f., 320 French Republic, First, 442 ff. ; terror- ism of the Commune and execution of the king, 442 f. ; war with Europe, 443 ; government by the Committee of Public Safety, 444 ; civil war, 445 ; the Reign of Terror, 446 f. ; the first republican constitution adopted, 448 ; appointment of the Directory, 448. See Directory French Republic, Second, 499 f. ; the " red republic," 500 ; election of Louis Napoleon as president, 501 ; the cotip d'etat (1851), 501 French Republic, Third, 527 ff. ; con- stitution of (1875), 528 ; army of, 528; progress of, 529; at war with Germany (1914), 614. See World War French Revolution, beginning of, 430 ; Estates General, 431 ff.; the Na- tional Assembly, 433 f. ; fall of the old regime, 434 f. ; the king, 435; the Church, 436 f. ; war with Aus- tria and Prussia, 438 ff. ; adoption of first constitution, 440; the