Page:History of Art in Phrygia, Lydia, Caria and Lycia.djvu/172

156 HISTORY OF ART IN ANTIQUITY. looks like a Byzantine castle ; * and as you ascend the winding path there appears a chasm in the hillside, bridged over with characterless materials baked bricks, squared stones, chips of all sizes and shapes, fixed in beds of mortar. But the aspect of man's work completely changes as you reach the other side, more par- ticularly the plateau. This has been levelled out, save towards the centre, where the rugosity of the tufa is so slight as to render it unnecessary. On this short and narrow plateau chambers and cisterns were hollowed, loop-holes pierced in the living rock (Fig. 113). When they set about levelling out the area, upon which FIG. 112. Pishmish Kaleh. View of hill. Drawn by E. GUILLAUME, Explor. Arche., Plate VIII. they intended to place a garrison, the rock was cut in such a way as to leave along the outer edge a kind of wall or parapet, which, measured from the area, averages from i m. 25 c. to 7 and 8 m. on the south and north faces respectively. In the latter was the main entrance, if the name may be given to a gap left in the wall between two huge blocks, broken away at the base, but joining at the top (Fig. H4). 1 Towards the north-east angle rises a wall built of large units put together without cement. The rampart was thick enough to be used by soldiers on their round. Flights of steps, still in good condition on many a point, and seen in our illustration, led to the platform, whence the garrison could roll down stones and pour missiles on the enemy, whether they tried to get 1 The view is taken from point H.