Page:History of Art in Phrygia, Lydia, Caria and Lycia.djvu/66

HISTORY OF ART IN ANTIQUITY. FIG. 20. Tumulus of dry stones. TfexiER, Description, Plate CXXXI. only difference is this : that as the tumulus is much smaller, multi- tudinous concentric circles were not required ; hence from each angle of the central block, which is square, stone divisions of chan- nelled masonry ran parallel one to the other, until they met the outside wall. There is yet a simpler type (Fig. 21), interesting from the fact that the flat arched chamber could be entered at all times by a broad passage covered with stone flags. It had no divisionary supports; a rude masonry of uncemented stones of average size extended from the central block to the circular wall. Large blocks were reserved for the substructure and the inner casing. De>spite these drawbacks, it had enough solidity for its purpose. In the floor of some of these tombs, which is one with the living rock, a trough has been excavated for receiving the body. Around it may still be seen a shallow groove, which fitted the covering slab or stones. The orientation of the tombs is not constant, and, in each case, seems to have been determined by the hypsometric lines of the mountain. The Tantaleis memorial points north-east and south-east at an angle of sixty de- grees. Remains of another im- portant monument should be classed along with the Sipylus group, whose mode of execution, in part structural and in part rock-cut, they reproduce. We may consider the exemplar, therefore, as likewise the work of the people who placed their tombs betwixt the harbour and the fortress. The FlG. 21. Tumulus of dry stones. TEXIER, Description, Plate CXXXI.