the mission was in charge of Padre Esténega of San Francisco until the Zacatecan José María Vasquez del Mercado came in 1833, to be replaced in 1834 by Padre José Lorenzo de la Concepcion Quijas, also a Zacatecan, who from that year had charge of both San Rafael and Solano, living at the former chiefly. Statistics of the last years of this establishment as a mission are for the most part wanting,[1] but the num-
- ↑ S. Rafael statistics for 1831-2, extremely unreliable (no figures for 1833-4). Decrease in pop. 970 to 300 (probably should be 700 or 900, though possibly 300 only were at the mission when the report was made, or more likely there is an error in the figures). Baptisms 155 (including 110 adults?) in 1831 and 15 in 1832. Deaths 29 and 37 in 1831-2. Increase in large stock 1,548 to 2,442(?); horses and mules 448 to 372; sheep 1,852 to 3,000. Crops 1,990 bush. in 1831, 1,776 bush. in 1832.
Statistics of 1834-40. Inventory of Sept. 31, 1834. Church property, building, $192, ornamentos, etc., $777, library of 75 vols $108, total $1,077; mission buildings $1,123; garden or orchard, $968; boats, etc., $500; live-stock $4,339; Nicasio rancho $7,256; credits $170; total $18,474; debts $3,448; balance $15,025. St. Pap., Miss., MS., V. 58-9. Dec., there were distributed to 343 Ind. (doubtless males or heads of families, representing a pop. of at least 500 souls) 1,291 sheep and 439 horses. Id. Inventory of Nov. 30, 1836. Manufacturing estab., produce, tools, and probably buildings, $1,434; live-stock $1,385; orchard $891; rancho $6,644; credits $464; total $10,818; debts $3,177; balance $7,641. Id., vii. 55-6, 78-9. Pop. in 1838, 365 souls. Id., vi. 26. Hartnell's inventory of Sept. 18, 1839. Pop. 195 at the mission; 474 horses, 26 yoke of oxen, 3 mules (cattle and sheep torn off); 417 fan. grain, 42 hides, 72 deer-skins, 60 arr. tallow. Hartnell, Diario, MS., 98. Debt in 1840 to Spear, Célis, Aguirre, Scott, Shaw, John Reed, Tim. Murphy, and Rotscheff, $1,967. Pico, Pap., Miss., MS., 47-51.
Statistics of 1817-34. Total of baptisms, 1873, of which 1,096 Ind. adults, 768 Ind. children, 2 and 7 de razon; annual average 103. Marriages 543, of which 8 de razon. Deaths 698, of which 458 Ind. adults, 239 Ind. children, 1 de razon; annual average 38; average death rate 6.09 per cent of pop. Largest pop. 1,140 in 1828; sexes about equal, children (illegible text). Largest no. of cattle 2,120(?) in 1832; horses 450 in 1831; mules 1-4; sheep 4,000 in 1822-3; swine 30 in 1823; all kinds 5,508 animals in 1832. Total product of wheat 17,905 bush. yield 8 fold; barley 12,339 bush., 9 fold; maize 3,637 bush., 40 fold; beans 1,360 bush., 13 fold; miscel. grains 412 bush., 8 fold.
Summary of events, etc. 1832. The mission was attacked by savages, against whom an expedition was sent out under Lázaro Piña. Vallejo, Doc., MS., i. 307. 1833. Trouble between P. Mercado and Alf. Vallejo; the friar's murderous slaughter of gentiles. This vol., p. 322-4. 1834. Ignacio Martinez takes charge as comisionado. Oct. 1st, boundaries assigned to the pueblo of S. Rafael; from Arroyo de las Ánimas, down Cañada de los Baulenes to the shore, and on opposite or northern side the Cañada of the Arroyo de S. Antonio to Los Tamales, and from Punta de Quintin to the mouth of S. Antonio cr. along the bay shore. St. Pap., Miss., MS., xi. 11, 19, with the map which is here reproduced. S. Rafael, Solano, S. José mission, and the colony were to
Mex. republic and was praised even by Echeandía and José M. Estudillo. The tradition is that once when the mission was attacked by savages he crossed the bay to S. F. on a tule balsa with a woman and several children. He died at S. Rafael at 3 A. M. on July 14, 1832, and was buried in the church on the 16th by P. Fortuni, his predecessor at the mission, who had known him since 1792, and declared him to be a saint. S. Rafael, Lib. Mis., MS., 12.
