Page:History of Greece Vol IV.djvu/142

<tl HISTORY OP GREECE. Herodotus as to the circumstances preceding the expulsion of the Peisi*- tratids, and indeed tacitly setting aside that narrative ; next, he actually jumbles together the two capital and distinct exploits of Athens, tho battle of Marathon and the repulse of Xerxes ten years after it. I state this latter charge in the words of Sluiter and Valckcnaer. before I consider the former charge : " Verissime ad haec verba notat Valckenaerius Con fundere videtur Andocides diversissima ; Persica sub Miltiade et Dario et victoriam Marathoniam (v, 14) quaeque evenere sub Themistocle, Xerxis gesta. Hie urbem incendio delevit, non ille (v, 20). Nihil magis mani festum est, quam diversa ab oratore confundi." ( Sluiter, Lection. Andoci deae. p 147.) The criticism of these commentators is perfectly borne out by the words of the orator, which are too long to find a place here. But immediately prior to those words he expresses himself as follows, and this is the passage which serves as Dr. Thirlwall's authority : Oi yup naripef ol vfiertpoi, yevo (j.cvuv rrj irofai KOKUV /zeyu/lwv, ore ol rvpavvot d%ov TJ)V TroAtv, 6 tie drjfjLOf </vye, vtKi/aavTef fiaxofievoi rove rvpavvovq km HaMrjVM, CTparrj-yovvTOf suy6pov rov TrpoTraTrTov TOV i/iov, Kat Xapiov ov EKEIVOI; TIJV dvyarepa el%v el; ?/f 6 jjfterepof rjv TrurrTrof, KaTsMovrec elf TJJV Trarpida Tuiif fj.lv uTTK~eivav, TUV 6s <j>vyjjv K.a~Eyvuoav, rove 6e /J.EVEIV EV rfj TroAtt kuaavTct; rjTLfiuaav. Both Sluiter (Lect. And. p. 8) and Dr. Thirlwall (Hist. p. 80) refer this alleged victory of Leogoras and the Athenian demus to the action described by Herodotus (v, 64) as having been fought by Kleomenes of Sparta against the Thessalian cavalry. But the two events have not a single cir- cumstance in common, except that each is a victory over the Peisistratidaa or their allies : nor could they well be the same event, described in different terms, seeing that Kleomenes, marching from Sparta to Athens, could not have fought the Thessalians at Pallene, which lay on the road from Mara- thon to Athens. Pallene was the place Avhcre Peisistratus, advancing from Marathon to Athens, on occasion of his second restoration, gained his com- plete victory over the opposing party, and marched on afterwards to Athens without farther resistance (Herodot. i, 63). If, then, we compare the statement given by Andokides of the preceding circumstances, whereby the dynasty of the Peisistratids was put down, with that given by Herodotus, we shall see that the two are radically different ; we cannot blend them together, but must make our election between them. Not less different are the representations of the two as to the circumstances which immediately ensued on the fall of Hippias: they would scarcely appear to relate to the same event. That " the adherents of the Peisistra- tidae were punished or repressed, some by death, others by exile, or by the loss of their political privileges," which is the assertion of Andokidus and Dr. Thirlwall, is not only not stated by Herodotus, but is highly improba- ble, if we acce-' *he facts which he does state ; for he tells us that Hippias capituluted and agreed to retire while possessing ample means of resistance, simply from regard to the safety of his children. It is not to be supposed that he would leave his intimate partisans exposed to danger; such of them