Page:History of Greece Vol IV.djvu/63

RESTORATION OF ARKESILAUS THE THIRD. 43 of government, up to this time vested in the Battiad princes subject only to such check, how effective we know not, which the citizens of Therrean origin might be able to interpose, were now transferred from the prince to the people ; that is, to certain individuals or assemblies chosen somehow from among all the citizens. There existed at Kyrene, as at Thera and Sparta, a board of Ephors, and a band of three hundred armed police, 1 analogous to those who were called the Hippeis, or Horsemen, at Sparta : whether these were instituted by Demonax, we do not know, nor does the identity of titular office, in different states, afford safe ground for inferring identity of power. This is par- ticularly to be remarked with regard to the Periocki at Kyrene, who were perhaps more analogous to the Helots than to the Perircki of Sparta. The fact that the Perioeki were considered in the new constitution as belonging specially to the Theraan branch of citizens, shows that these latter still continued a privi- leged order, like the Patricians with their Clients at Rome in relation to the Plebs. That the rearrangement introduced by Demonax was wise, consonant to the general current of Greek feeling, and calculated to work well, there is good reason to believe : and no discontent within would have subverted it without the aid of extraneous force. Battus the Lame acquiesced in it peaceably during his life ; but his widow and his son, Pheretime and Arkesilaus, raised a revolt after his death, and tried to regain by force the kingly privileges of the family. They were worsted and obliged to flee, the mother to Cyprus, the son to Samos, where both employed themselves in procuring foreign arms to invade and conquer Kyrene. Though Pheretime could obtain no effec- tive aid from Euelthon prince of Salamis in Cyprus, her son was more successful in Samos, by inviting new Greek settlers to Kyrene, under promise of a redistribution of the land. A large enactment or regulation was necessary for this purpose, to define and sanc- tion that religious, social, and political communion, which went to make up Us idea of the Tribe. It is not to be assumed, as a matter of course, that there must necessarily have been tribes anterior to Demonax, among a population so miscellaneous in its origin. 1 Ilesychius, TpiiKurioi ; Eustath. ad Horn. Odyss. p. 303 ; Here k >-lSl Pontic. De Polit. c. 4.