Page:History of Greece Vol XI.djvu/488

iG2 HISTORY OF GREEC1 elude peace with the Byzantines and most of the maritime Greek? who had joined in relieving them. The combination against him was thus dissolved, though with Athens J and her more intimate allies his naval war still continued. While he multiplied cruisers and privateers to make up by prizes his heavy outlay during the late sieges, he undertook with his land-force an enterprize, during the spring of 339 B. c., against the Scythian king Atheas ; whose countiy, between Mount Hsemus and the Danube, he invaded T?ith success, bringing away as spoil a multitude of youthful slaves of both sexes, as well as cattle. On his return however across Mount Haemus, he was attacked on a sudden by the Thracian tribe Triballi, and sustained a defeat ; losing all his accompanying captives, and being badly wounded through the thigh. 2 This ex- pedition and its consequences occupied Philip during the spring and summer of 339 B. c. Meanwhile the naval war of Athens against Philip was more effectively carried on, and her marine better organized, than ever it had been before. This was chiefly owing to an important re- form proposed and carried by Demosthenes, immediately on the declaration of war against Philip in the summer of 340 B. c. En- 1 Diodorus (xvi. 77) mentions this peace; stating that Philip raised the sieges of Byzantium and Perinthus, and made peace irpbf ' Wesseling (ad loc.) and Weiske (De Hyperbole, ii. p. 41) both doubt the reality of this peace. Neither Bohnecke nor Winiewski recognize it. Mr. Clinton admits it in a note to his Appendix 16. p. 292 ; though he does not insert it in his column *f events in the tables. I perfectly concur with these authors in dissenting from Diodorus, so far as Athens is concerned. The supposition that peace was concluded be- tween Philip and Athens at this time is distinctly negatived by the Ian guage of Demosthenes (De Corona, p. 275, 276); indirectly also by ./Eschines. Both from Demosthenes and from Philochorus it appeals suffi- ciently clear, in my judgment, that the war between Philip and the Athe- nians went on without interruption from the summer of 340 B. c., to the battle of Charoneia in August 338. But I see no reason for disbelieving Diodorus, in so far as he states that Philip made peace with the other Greeks Byzantines, Perinthians, Chi- ans, llhodians, etc. 8 Justin, ix. 2, 3. JEschines alludes to this expedition against the Scy- thians during the spring of the archon Thoophrastus, or 339 B. c. cont. Ktesiph p 71).