Page:History of Indian and Eastern Architecture Vol 2.djvu/590

486 JAPANESE ARCHITECTURE. BOOK IX. CHAPTER IV. JAPAN. INTRODUCTORY. CHRONOLOGY ORIGINAL SOURCES, ETC. Accession of the first Mikado B.C. 660 Conquest of Korea by the Empress Jin-go . . A.D. 201 Buddhism introduced from Korea . . . .A.D. 552 Ki6-to made the capital . A.D. 794 The Shogunate established at Kama-kura by Yori-tomo A.D. 1192 Yedo (now Tokio) founded by leyasu . . . 1590 Hide-yoshi invades Korea A. D. 1 592-1 598 Toku-gawa dynasty of Shdguns . . A.D. 1603-1868 Japan closed to all for- eigners by lemitsu A.D. 1640 First treaties with Euro- pean powers . A.D. 1857-1859 The Shogunate abolished Ashi-kaga dynasty of Shoguns 1338-1573 I and the Mikado restored A.D. 1868 THE architecture of Japan owes its origin to Chinese sources, the earliest examples remaining being those which were built by carpenters sent over from Korea. The Japanese temples, whether Buddhist or Shinto, are all of the Chinese T'ing type, and the roofs covering them of Frimoya design, as shown in Woodcut No. 489. In Japan as in China the later developments have as a rule resulted only in further enrichments, the elaborate carving in the Japanese Buddhist temples being carried to excess. In the Shinto temple, on the other hand, the greatest simplicity prevails, more importance being attached to the quality of the wood employed, and to its structural execution, than to any display of diagram work or carving. The pagoda in Japan still retains the ancient design and timber construction of the earliest example remaining, at Horiuji (Hdriuzi), which was built by Korean carpenters in A.D. 607, and may be looked