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414 FROM KANT TO FICHTE. tral idea of the practical philosophy, the freedom and autonomous legislation of the will, with the leading princi- ple of the theoretical philosophy, the spontaneity of the understanding, under the original synthesis of the pure ego, in order to deduce from the activity of the ego not only the a priori forms of knowledge, but also, rejecting the thing in itself, the whole content of empirical con- sciousness. The thought which intervenes between the Kantian Critique of Reason and the development of thor- oughgoing idealism by Fichte, with its criticisms of and additions to the former and its preparation for the latter, may be glanced at in a few supplementary pages. 4. From Kant to Fichte. To begin with the works which aided in the extension and recognition of the Kantian philosophy, besides Kant's Prolegomena, the following stand in the front .rank: Exposition of the Critique of Pure Reason, by the Konigs- berg court preacher, Johannes Schulz, 1784; the flowing Letters concerning the Kantian Philosophy, by K. L. Rein- hold in Wieland's Deutscher Merkur, 1786-87; and the Allgemeine Litteraturzeitung, in Jena, founded in 1785, and edited by the philologist Schiitz and the jurist Hufeland, which offered itself as the organ of the new doctrine. Jena became the home and principal stronghold of Kantianism ; while by the beginning of the nineteenth century almost all German chairs belonged to it, and the non-philosophical sciences as well received from it stimulation and guiding ideas. In the camp of the enemy there was no less of activity. The Wolffian, Eberhard of Halle, founded a special journal for the purpose of opposing the Kantian philosophy : the Philosophisches Magazin, 1789, continued from 1792 as the Philosophisches Archiv. The Illumination collected its forces in the Philosophise he Bibliothek, edited by Feder and Meiners. Nicolai waved the banner of common sense in the Allgemeine detitsche Bibliothek, and in satirical romances, and was handled as he deserved by the heroes of poetry and philosophy (cf. the Xenien of Goethe and M