MAINE 243 "machines" of both political parties expected to defeat the amendment. The election took place Sept. 10, 1917, and the amendment received 38,838 noes, 20,684 aves lost by 18,154, the negative majority nearly two to one. About half as many men voted for it as the number of women who signed a petition for it. Mrs. Livingston gave as the principal reasons for the defeat : i. Inher- ent conservatism and prejudice. 2. Resentment at the "picket- ing" of the White House by the "militant" suffragists. 3. Briefness of the campaign. 4. Inability because of lack of organization to reach the rural vote. 5. Reactionaries of both parties uniting in opposition. 1 In her summing up Mrs. Livingston said : "Without the aid of the National American Association the campaign would have been impossible. The magnificent generosity with which it fur- nished speakers, organizers, posters and literature will make the women of Maine forever its debtors. 2 At the convention of the State Association in September, 1917, in Augusta, Miss Mabel Connor was chosen president and at the conventions of 1918 in Lewiston and 1919 in Portland was re- elected. At the convention in October, 1918, having recovered somewhat from its defeat, the association voted to introduce a bill for the Presidential suffrage in the next Legislature in 1919. The Legislative Committee consisted of Mrs. Balentine, chair- man ; Miss Connor, Miss Bates, Mrs. Pattangall, Mrs. Cobb and 1 Mrs. Clarence Hale, State president of the anti-suffrage organization, issued the fol- lowing: "The large majority vote cast against suffrage today must indicate, as did the great vote of Massachusetts in 1915, that the East is not in favor of the entrance of women into political life. The result should satisfy the suffragists for all time and they should now practice the principles of democracy and fairness, which they are so ready to preach, by refraining from further disputing the will of the people .... We can now return to give our services to the State and the nation in woman's normal way." On November 7 the "East" spoke again when the voters of New York by a majority f 102,353 gave full suffrage to won
- Besides paying the expenses of the suffrage school, the National Association paid the
salary of Mrs. Deborah Knox Livingston as campaign manager; the salary of Miss !.<>lu Walker from February 10 to September 10; the salaries of eight other organizers who worked for varying periods and the expenses of four; for 120,000 Shafroth speeches; circularized 1,200 of the Protestant and Catholic clergy; prepared < specially for .M.unr 125.000 baby fliers and 100,000 copies of Have You Heard? and furnished envelopes and stamps for them; 14,000 pieces of literature for advanced suffragists; 1,000 copies of Do Yon Know? to circularize the politicians; 400 each of thirteen different kinds of posters; 500 war measure fliers; 2,000 blue and yellow posters. The Leslie Commission ited the services of Mrs. Geycr for press work from July i to September 10. This campaign cost the National Association $i,^82 and the Leslie Commission $4.986, a total of $15,268. Ed.
