BOOK VIII. POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS. CHAPTER 1. GOVERNMENT. Forms of Political Association various. — Despotism increases tvith Civilization. — Government in ihehumblest state of social existence. — Formation of Villages or Torons, each a State or Nation. — Form of Political Association arising out of the Shepherd State unknown. — Elective and Federal forms of Government. — Absolute Monarchies. — Example of the Fe- deral form of Government in that of the Bugis state of Boni, in Celebes. — Varieties of this form of Political As- sociation. — Example of the absolute form qf Government in that of the Javanese. — Illustrations of the History of Go- vernment from an examination of Language. — Oscillation between the Federal and Absolute forms cf Government in the Progress of Society. — Influence of Foreign Manners and Institutions on the forms of Government among the Indian Islanders. Examples of every form of social union, from the equality which reigns among savages, to the most absolute form of oriental despotism, may be VOL. III. *
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