CONTENTS
- ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
1 - China's interest in the UK................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
1 - The Inquiry................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
1 - The 'whole-of-state' threat................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2 - Protecting the UK................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3
PART ONE: THREAT AND RESPONSE................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................7 - ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
9
CHINA: AIMS AND AMBITIONS................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................11 - What does China want from the UK?................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
15
WHAT IS CHINA SEEKING IN THE UK?................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................19 - Political influence................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
19 - Economic advantage................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
21
THE CHINESE INTELLIGENCE SERVICES................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................25 - Scale................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
25 - A broad remit................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
28 - ‘Whole-of-state’ approach................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
30
ESPIONAGE................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................31 - Gathering human intelligence................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
31 - Cyber operations................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
34
INTERFERENCE................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................37 - Government................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
38 - Interference in elections................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
42 - Media................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
43 - The Chinese diaspora in the UK................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
45 - ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
49
HMG'S BALANCING ACT................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................51 - Conflicting priorities................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
51 - A joined-up approach................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
52
THE 'STRATEGY': FRAMEWORKS, PLANS AND PILLARS................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................55 - The China Senior Responsible Owner and National Strategy Implementation Group................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
57 - The China Framework................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
57 - The Intelligence Outcomes Prioritisation process................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
63 - The tri-Agency approach................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
64 - HMG Hostile State Activity Strategy................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
65
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