Page:Indian Journal of Economics Volume 2.djvu/15

ART OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT -7 characterizing the lower slopes settled with a cultivating community, often also ing horses and cattle, and marketing the we find the land fully breed- surplus produce and stock. The people are of a more mixed origin, and are- not so simple in thought and customs as those of the higher slopes. In the alluvial plains, which, if well watered, are generally very fertile, we find commercial farming highly developed are adequate communications, and here, on if there the great highways, flourish the trades and the big towns. Down near to the sea, the rivers become an important means of transport, and many people gain their livelio hood by the rivers and canals. On the sea coast we have the great ports, and a hardy race of fishermen on our great steamers. this is the population who make fine sailors even In .a hundred ways such as sorted out, according as the physical characters of the country prescribe the principal means of livelihood of the people. III. GEOGBAPHICO-ECONOMIC PRINCIPLES 1. Varying Di?t?bution of Natural Resourcez and Cultivated Products.--Trade between distant localities exists because of products over the the varying distribution of natural earth's surface, and because the opportunities and customs of producing cultivated and manfactured commodities vary in distribution in the same way. Here it is only necessary to call attention to certain broad generalizations which can be made concerning this distribution, and from which we may forecast the natural tendency of economic development in any minerals district. We and forest know, for example, that both products occur mostly in moun- ?ainous and hilly country, whilst agriculture flourishes in the plains, and manufacture at geographically important points in the plains, in some places deter.