root are employed externally for tumors and certain skin diseases (Ph. J. July 25, 1885, p. 87). The bark is also employed by Indian and Arabian physicians (Balfour). " The expressed juice is an excellent laxative, cholagogue and anthelmintic. It is used as an injection into the rectum in cases of ascarides. It is also a valuable bitter tonic, and the natives believe that its presence cures scabies in the locality " (Dr. Thornton, in Watt's Dictionary).
Chemical composition.— Approximate analysis of the leaves gave the following result :—
| Ethereal extract | 10.81 |
| Alcoholic extract | 16.40 |
| Aqueous extract | 15.20 |
| Alkaline extract | 8.97 |
| Organic residue | 38.47 |
| Inorganic residue | 5.93 |
| Moisture residue | 4.22 |
| Total | 100.00 |
| Ash soluble in water | 16.83 |
| Ash soluble in acid | 72.86 |
| Sand and silicates | 10.30 |
| Total | 100.00 |
| Sodium chloride in ash | 5.58 |
The leaves of C. inforunatum yielded no volatile constituent when boiled with water. The ether extract contained a quantity of resinous matter, and gave up the bitter principles when heated with water ; the extract was of a less fatty consistence than that from the C. inerme leaves. The spirituous extract was also much larger than in the previous sample, and was differently constituted, i asmuch as it almost entirely consisted of a taunin, giving a green colour with ferric chloride. These leaves contain much more soluble organic matter than the former, but the percentage composition of the ash shows that the soluble inorganic salts are much smaller. The ash of these leaves amounted to 12.3 per cent (Hooper, in Pharm. Record, Aug. 1st, 1888).
966, C. siphonanthus, Br., h.f.b.l, iv. 595.
Syn. : — Siphonanthus indica, Willd. Roxb. 481.
Sans. : — Brahma yastika.
Vern. : — Barangi ; Arnah and Ami (H.) ; Bamanhati (B.) ; Arnii, dawá-i-mubarak, arnah (Pb.) ; Bhârangî (Bomb.) ; Sarum enter (Dec).
