1198 INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS.
action of the bark is generally attended with more or less purging. The dose is placed at from forty to sixty grains. The bark, in doses of from fifteen to thirty grains, three or four times daily, is stated to act effectually as an antiperiodic, and in half those quantities as a good tonic. (Ph. Ind.).
1185. F. Cunia, Ham., h.f.b.i., v. 523. Roxb. 646.
Vern. : — Khewnau, Kunia, khurhur, kassa, ghui (H.); Dumbur, jagya-dumur (B.) ; Riu, aiu (Kol.) ; Porok podha Horpodo (Santal); Kanhya (Nepal); Sangji (Lepcha) ; Kanai, palkai taikran (Michi) ; Kathgular, trumbal, karndol, kuri (Pb.) ; Porodumer, Kharwar. (Mar.)
Habitat : —Sub-Himalayan forests, from the Chenab to Bhotan ; Central India, Assam, the Khasia Mts, and Chittagong.
A small or moderate-sized tree, usually evergeen branchlets, young shoots and midrib pubescent. " Bark thick, reddish-brown, rough ; wood rough, moderately hard, greyish-brown with narrow, concentric bands which alternate with broader bands of firmer texture. Pores scanty, moderate-sized. Medullary rays fine, equidistant." (Gamble). Leaves alternate, entire or serrate, rough above, more or less pubescent beneath, semicordate, the lower half of the base large rounded, shape and size very variable ; blade 8-16 ; petiole 1/5-⅔in. ; stipules ¾-lin. long, base broad, scar, annular. Receptacle ½in. diam., in pair or clusters on long, leafless, scaly branches, from the trunk near the base of the ripening underground. Male sepals 3. Gall and female sepals abut 4, lanceolate, gamophyllous. Ovary of galls, globose, smooth ; style very short, lateral. Achenes broadly ovate, emarginate on one side, tubercled, viscid ; style very long, lateral ; stigma large, bifid. Recognized at once by the long leaves with unequal semi-sagittate base.
Uses : — The fruit is given in aphthous complaints. A bath made from the fruit and bark is a cure for leprosy. (Rheede.) The juice from the roots is given in bladder complaints and, boiled in milk, in visceral obstructions, (Revd. A. Campbell.)
