Page:Irish Emigration and The Tenure of Land in Ireland.djvu/254

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and England;[1] a large number of their Liliputian estates are grievously encumbered;[2] of some the


     the custom of the country being for the parents to settle off their children as they grow up, so that the youngest generally is the one to inherit the house, or rather the eldest unsettled, or perhaps the widow. . . . The general custom, where they can venture to do so, is, either to divide the land share and share alike amongst their children. . . . reserving for the old widow the house (as the son is required to build a house for himself), and an acre or so of land; this, at the time, is generally stated to return to the son, but in course of time, it is given at her death by the widow to one of the daughters; and as the stipulation is that the acre should be rent free, there are constant complaints and quarrels on the subject, and it generally ends by the landlord being obliged to make a new agreement, and take with each as separate tenants, or else to eject the whole to get rid of the intruders."—Dig. Dev. Com. p. 382.

    Daniel O'Connell, Esq., M.P.

    "Take what precautions the landlord will, the lessee will and must contrive to have more occupiers on the land than the landlord would wish. If you prohibit him from having addi-

    temps. II est bon qu'il y a beaucoup de propriétaires. Mais personne n'avait prévu l'effet désastreux que ces deux causes associées devaient produire en un demi-siècle. Le paysan, ivre de propriété, a fait pour la terre toutes les folies qu'un amant fait pour sa maîtresse. Tout le monde a voula acheter, presque personne n'a voula vendre. Si un hectare tombait aux mains de dix héritiers, chacun d'eux prétendait garder et cultiver ses

  1. "La répartition des cultures dans les provinces belges tient le milieu entre celle que pratique l'Angleterre et celle qui est suivie en France: elle vaut mieux que l'assolement français, on les cultures améliorates, y compris une énorme proportion de jachères qui ne produisent rien, occupent seulement le tiers du sol."—Eco. Rur. 224.
  2. An admirable paper on the effects of the subdivision of land in France has been written by Mr. J. Gr. T. Sinclair, to which, I trust, he will give a wider circulation.