Bacher, Wilhelm Bacon, Roger
THE JEWISH ENCYCLOPEDIA
Biinoczi founded the Judfeo-Himgarian review, the "Magyar Zsido Szemle, " which they conjointly edited during the first seven years,
and
it
is still
the
only Jewish review in Hungary. In 1894 he assisted in founding the Judnso-Hungarian Literary Society, Izraelita Magyar Jrodami Tarsulat, of which he became vice-president in 1898. This society instituted a new translation of the Bible into Hungarian the first complete translation due solely to
—
and the first two volumes of this Pentateuch and the earlier prophets), edited by Bacher in collaboration with S. Kraussand T. Banoczi, have already appeared. The first five year-books of the society were edited by Bacher in conjunction with F. Mezey and afterward with D.
Jewish
work
initiative
(the
Banoczi.
Bacher (I)
zum
is
the author of the following
works
" Muslicbeddin Sa'adi's Aphorismen und Sinngedichte, Erstea Male Herausgegeben und Uebersetzt, mit Beitriigen zur Biographie Sa'adi's," 1879.
Voluminous Author.
contributions to the history ol Persian literature in "Z. D. M. G." " (3) Kritische Untersuchungen zum Pro(2)
Several
phetentargum," ib. 1874. 11 in (4) " Discussions of the Targum on Job and the Psalms, " Monatsschrift," 1871, 1872. (5) " Abraham ibn Ezra's Einleitung zu Seinem Pentateuchcommentar, als Beitrag zur Geschichte der Bibelexegese Beleuchtet, 11 in " Sitzungsbericbte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften," 1876. (6) "Die Grammatiscbe Terminologie des Jehuda b. David Hajjugs,"
ih. 1882.
(7) "Die Henraisch-Arabische Sprachvergleichung des Abulwalid Merwan ibn Ganachs," ib. 1884. (8) " Die Hebraisch-Neuhebraische Sprachvergleichung des Abulwalid," ib. 1885. (9) "Die Agadader Babylonischen Amoraer" (First Annual Report of the Landes-rabbinerschule at Budapest, 1878 also printed separately) This work, like all others published in the annual reports of the National Rabbinical Institute, was published contemporaneously in Hungarian. (10) "Abraham Ibn Ezra als Grammatiker, ib. 1881 " Leben und Werke des Abulwalid Merwan Ibn Ganah und die Quellen
.
1
'
Seiner Schrifterklarung," ih. 1885. (II) "Aus der Schrifterklarung des Abulwalid
Merwan
ibn
422
sources of all the Biblical and other citations contained in it, which sources are not given in Neubauer's edition. (21) A compilation of the various readings of Ibn Ezra's Commentary on the Pentateuch in Berliner's " Maga.zin," and separately, 1894— a work prepared with the aid of a valuable codex belonging to the university library at Cambridge. (22) "Sefer Nahalat Yehoshua'," 2 vols., a redaction of the posthumous works of the Taluiudist Kosinan Wodianer (d. 1830) with a biographical introduction in Hebrew, in connection with which he prepared a list of the correspondents of Moses Sofer, " Aus der Ersten Halite Unseres Jahrbunderts," 1893. (23) "Sha'ar Shim'on," an edition of the Hebrew poems of his father, Simon Bacher (d. Nov. 9, 1891), with a biographical introduction in Hebrew. " Emendationes in Plerosque (24) An edition of Gratz's Sacra? Scripturse V. T. Libros," 1892-94. (25) A treatment of the chapters of philology and exegesis in Winter and Wiinscne's collection of Hebrew literature, " Die Jildische Literatur." These contributions of Bacher have also been published separately under the respective titles: "Die J iidische Bibelexegese vom Anfange des Zehnten bis zum Ende des Fiinfzehnten Jahrhunderts." (26) "Die Hebraische Sprachwissenschaft vom Zehnten bis zum Sechzehnten Jahrhundert, mit einem Einleitenden Ab,
schnitt iiber die Masora," 1892.
" Z. D. (27) " Die Anfange der Hebraischen Grammatik," in M. G.," also published by Brockhaus, Leipsic, 1895. (28) " Die Aelteste Terminologie der Jiidischen Schriftauslegung— ein Worterbuch der Bibelexegetischen Kunstsprache der Tannaiten," I. C. Hinrich, Leipsic, 1899. Bacher has also been the author of numerous criticisms and reviews in periodicals devoted, like his books, to Hebrew philology, history of Biblical exegesis, and of the Haggadah. The magazines, etc., in which his contributions have appeared are the following
M. E. Stern, "Kokbe Yizhak," 1865-68; "Monatsschrift," 1869-92; "Izraelit Kozlony,"' 1869-70 ; Rahmer's " Israelitische Wochenschrift und J iidische Li teraturblatter," 1870-76; I. Kobak's "Jeschurun," 1871; I. Reich, "Beth-Lechem," Jahrbuch, 1873; " Ha-Habazelet," 1873; "Z. His Criticisms D. M. G." 1874-1902; Berliner's "Magaand zin fiir die Geschichte und Literatur des Reviews. Judenthums," 1880-94; "Rev. Et. Juives," 1882-1903 ; " Magyar Zsid6 Szemle," 1884-1901 W. R. Harper, "Hebraica," 1884-93; Stade, " Zeitschrift " 1885" Jew. Quart. Rev." 1890-1901 Konigsberger, " Monats1901 blatter," 1891; Evkonyv, "Jahrbuch des Ungarisch-Israelitischen Literaturvereins," published in Hungarian, 1895-1901
"Ozar ha-Sefarim"; "Graber's Magazin
fiir
Hebraische Li-
teratur," 1896; "Zeit. f. Hebr. Bibl." 1896-1900; "Deutsche Literaturzeitung," 1898-1901 S. H. Horodeczky's " Ha-Goren "; "Abhandlung iiber die Wissenschaft des Judenthums," 18981900; "Ha-Eshkol," "Hebraisches Jahrbuch," 1898; "Jahrbuch fiir Jiidische Gesch. und Literatur," 1899-1900; "Theologische Literaturzeitung," 1900-1: "Keleti Szemle" ("Revue Orientale," 1902) ; " The Expository Times," 1900. Further contributions of Bacher appeared in the festival publications to the seventieth birthday of Graetz, 1887, and the eightieth birthday of Steinschneider, 1896: in the festival publication in honor of Daniel Chwolsohn, 1899; and in the memorial book published on the anniversary of Samuel David Luzzatto's birthday, Berlin, 1900, and in that published in memory of Prof. David Kaufmann, 1900. Bacher has also contributed the article " Levita " to the "Allgemeine Encyklopadie" of Ersch and Gruber, and the articles " Sanhedrin " and " Synagoge " to the last volume— not yet published— of Hastings and Selbie's "Dictionary of the Bible."
Ganah," 1889. (12) "Die Bibelexegese der
Jiidischen Religionsphilosophen des Mittelalters vor Maimuni," 1893. " Die Bibelexegese Moses Maimfmi's," 1896. (13) (14) "Ein Hebraisch-Persisches Worterbuch aus dem Vierzehnten Jahrhundert," 19U0. The first volume of this (15) "Die Agada der Tannaiten." work was published in Gratz's " Monatsschrift " from 1882 to 1884, and also appeared in 1884 in a separate edition in honor of the ninetieth birthday of L. Zunz the second volume was published in 1890. A second, enlarged edition of Vol. I. will appear
in 1902. (16)
of the "Agada der Paliistinischen respectively in 1892, 1896, and 1899.
The three volumes
Amoraer" appeared
"Kitab al-Luma'," "Le Lion des Parterres Fleuris," in publications of the Ecole des Hautes Etudes, Paris, 1886. Bacher's revised edition of this work was published under Derenbourg's name. (18) An edition of the Book of Job as translated by Saadia in Derenbourg's edition of Saadia's works ("(Euvres Completes de R. Saadia, Volume Cinquieme," Paris, 1900). (17)
(19)
mar"
edition of the " Sefer Zikkaron," or " Hebrew Gramof Joseph Kimhi, published in writings of the society
An
Mekize Nirdamim, 1888. (20) " Sefer ha-Shorashim,Wurzelworterhueh der Hebraischen Sprarhe, von Abulwalid Merwan ibn Ganah, aus dem Arabischen ins Hebraische Uebersetzt von Jehudaii ibn Tibhon, mit einer Einleitung iiber das Leben und die Schriften Abulwalid's und mit Registern und einem Anhange. Nebst Textberichtigungen zum Sefer Versehen." This is an edition of the He-
brew
translation of Abulwalid's great lexicon, the principal grammatical work of that author. In this work, also published by the society Mekize Nirdamim, Bacher corrected the Hebrew text in accordance with the Arabic original, and mentioned the
F.
s.
BACHI, RAPHAEL:
DE
S.
M.
Italian miniature-painter;
lived at Paris in the middle of the eighteenth cen-
His name appears in the list of the Jews Paris during the reign of Louis XV., which was recently published by Paul d'Estrees. This list, drawn up by the police, mentions Bachi as a miniature painter of great talent (" peintre en miniature, de beaucoup de talent"). BiBuofiRAPiiY: Paul d'Estrees, in Revue du Monde, Latin, tury.
that resided in
1891, Sept.
1,
Limix XV.
Oct. 1
Leon Kahn, Leu Juifs de Paris sous
p. 44.
L. 6.
I.
BR.
BACHRACH, JACOB BEN MOSES: A noted apologist of rabbinical Judaism;
born at Seiny,
in
