will generally bring with them a considerable knowledge of its laws, and of the local interests of their districts. They will often have previously served as members in the state legislatures; and thus have become, in some measure, acquainted with all the local views and wants of the whole state.[1]
§ 658. The functions, too, of a representative in congress require very different qualifications and attainments, from those required in a state legislature. Information relative to local objects is easily obtained in a single state; for there is no difference in its laws, and its interests are but little diversified. But the legislation of congress reaches over all the states; and as the laws and local circumstances of all differ, the information, which is requisite for safe legislation, is far more difficult and various, and directs the attention abroad, rather than at home.[2] Few members, comparatively speaking, will be found ignorant of the local interests of their district or state; but time, and diligence, and a rare union of sagacity and public spirit, are indispensable to avoid egregious mistakes in national measures.
§ 659. The experience of Great Britain upon this subject furnishes a very instructive commentary. Of the five hundred and fifty-eight members of the house of commons one ninth are elected by three hundred and sixty-four persons; and one half by five thousand seven hundred and twenty-three persons.[3] And this half certainly have little or no claim to be deemed the guardians of the interests of the people, and indeed are- ↑ The Federalist, No. 56.
- ↑ Id. No. 56; id. No. 35.
- ↑ See Mr. Christian's note, (34,) to 1 Black. Comm. 174, where he states the number, of which the house of commons has consisted at different periods, from which it appears, that it has been nearly doubled since the beginning of the reign of Henry the Eighth. See also 4 Inst. 1.
